% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 41614 % Primary Name: KULM % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: ND % Latitude: 46.30000 +/- 0.00500 % Longitude: -98.95000 +/- 0.00500 % Elevation (m): 601.10 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 59 % % IDs: coop - 324843 % ghcnd - USC00324843 % ncdc - 20014146 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: 7a86fced1ec75b2c5ab38dd770206eda % Raw Data Hash: be2cd95412588b369d3e39fc2630ba0d % Adj Data Hash: 34443fdec95fcb6b225b9f0dda0510ce % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1903 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -14.382 -4.514 1903 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -3.850 -0.734 1903 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 6.616 0.383 1903 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.797 0.303 1903 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.843 -0.958 1903 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.325 -1.567 1903 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.205 -1.786 1903 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.324 -2.640 1903 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.415 2.067 1903 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -2.504 -1.123 1903 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -11.172 -1.790 1904 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -16.303 -2.374 1904 2 -17.988 -7.676 1 0 NaN NaN -16.819 -6.950 1904 3 -5.427 -1.868 0 0 -5.427 -1.868 -5.004 -1.888 1904 4 3.500 -2.290 0 0 3.500 -2.290 4.090 -2.143 1904 5 12.371 -0.680 0 0 12.371 -0.680 13.187 -0.308 1904 6 16.375 -1.983 0 0 16.375 -1.983 17.190 -1.612 1904 7 17.377 -4.071 0 0 17.377 -4.071 18.912 -2.979 1904 8 17.765 -2.784 0 0 17.765 -2.784 19.066 -1.925 1904 9 13.635 -0.887 0 0 13.635 -0.887 13.759 -1.206 1904 10 9.182 1.277 0 0 9.182 1.277 10.338 1.990 1904 11 2.612 4.435 0 0 2.612 4.435 2.802 4.182 1904 12 -9.227 0.597 0 0 -9.227 0.597 -8.929 0.452 1905 1 -15.698 -1.326 0 0 -15.698 -1.326 -16.480 -2.551 1905 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -12.319 -2.451 1905 3 1.269 4.828 0 0 1.269 4.828 1.261 4.376 1905 4 5.277 -0.514 0 0 5.277 -0.514 5.646 -0.588 1905 5 10.184 -2.868 0 0 10.184 -2.868 10.724 -2.771 1905 6 16.040 -2.318 0 0 16.040 -2.318 16.474 -2.327 1905 7 18.485 -2.963 0 0 18.485 -2.963 19.563 -2.328 1905 8 20.121 -0.427 0 0 20.121 -0.427 21.052 0.060 1905 9 16.018 1.497 0 0 16.018 1.497 16.152 1.187 1905 10 5.418 -2.487 0 0 5.418 -2.487 6.411 -1.937 1905 11 1.232 3.055 0 0 1.232 3.055 1.285 2.665 1905 12 -7.419 2.405 0 0 -7.419 2.405 -8.666 0.716 1906 1 -9.708 4.665 0 0 -9.708 4.665 -10.575 3.354 1906 2 -10.827 -0.515 0 0 -10.827 -0.515 -9.913 -0.045 1906 3 -7.897 -4.338 0 0 -7.897 -4.338 -7.296 -4.181 1906 4 8.583 2.793 0 0 8.583 2.793 8.908 2.674 1906 5 10.831 -2.221 0 0 10.831 -2.221 12.228 -1.267 1906 6 16.585 -1.773 0 0 16.585 -1.773 17.126 -1.676 1906 7 19.794 -1.655 0 0 19.794 -1.655 20.339 -1.552 1906 8 20.363 -0.185 0 0 20.363 -0.185 20.008 -0.983 1906 9 17.212 2.691 0 0 17.212 2.691 16.972 2.008 1906 10 8.369 0.464 0 0 8.369 0.464 8.654 0.306 1906 11 -2.224 -0.400 1 0 NaN NaN -2.127 -0.747 1906 12 -11.626 -1.801 0 0 -11.626 -1.801 -11.127 -1.745 1907 1 -19.490 -5.118 0 0 -19.490 -5.118 -19.510 -5.580 1907 2 -9.168 1.144 0 0 -9.168 1.144 -9.704 0.165 1907 3 -2.258 1.301 0 0 -2.258 1.301 -2.260 0.855 1907 4 -0.112 -5.902 0 0 -0.112 -5.902 1.797 -4.436 1907 5 7.179 -5.872 0 0 7.179 -5.872 7.938 -5.557 1907 6 17.737 -0.622 0 0 17.737 -0.622 17.257 -1.545 1907 7 18.819 -2.629 0 0 18.819 -2.629 20.194 -1.698 1907 8 18.715 -1.834 0 0 18.715 -1.834 20.171 -0.821 1907 9 12.467 -2.054 0 0 12.467 -2.054 12.228 -2.736 1907 10 7.461 -0.444 0 0 7.461 -0.444 8.402 0.054 1907 11 -0.077 1.747 0 0 -0.077 1.747 -0.088 1.293 1907 12 -4.850 4.974 0 0 -4.850 4.974 -5.419 3.962 1908 1 -6.412 7.960 1 0 NaN NaN -8.090 5.840 1908 2 -8.336 1.976 1 0 NaN NaN -8.550 1.319 1908 3 -3.361 0.197 0 0 -3.361 0.197 -3.814 -0.699 1908 4 7.882 2.091 0 0 7.882 2.091 7.964 1.731 1908 5 10.419 -2.632 0 0 10.419 -2.632 11.845 -1.650 1908 6 15.710 -2.648 0 0 15.710 -2.648 16.782 -2.020 1908 7 20.310 -1.139 0 0 20.310 -1.139 21.166 -0.726 1908 8 18.171 -2.377 0 0 18.171 -2.377 18.866 -2.125 1908 9 18.597 4.076 0 0 18.597 4.076 17.570 2.606 1908 10 5.716 -2.189 0 0 5.716 -2.189 8.274 -0.074 1908 11 0.172 1.995 0 0 0.172 1.995 0.418 1.798 1908 12 -10.173 -0.348 0 0 -10.173 -0.348 -9.379 0.003 1909 1 -15.008 -0.635 0 0 -15.008 -0.635 -14.854 -0.925 1909 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -10.732 -0.863 1909 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -3.327 -0.211 1909 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.657 -3.577 1909 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.818 -1.677 1909 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.472 -0.329 1909 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.610 -1.282 1909 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.723 1.731 1909 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.129 0.165 1909 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.075 -0.273 1909 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.051 0.330 1909 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -14.558 -5.177 1910 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -13.818 0.112