% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 41074 % Primary Name: BUFFALO 13 ESE % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: SD % Latitude: 45.51610 +/- 0.00005 % Longitude: -103.30170 +/- 0.00005 % Elevation (m): 878.70 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 111 % % IDs: coop - 391127 % ghcnd - USW00094081 % gsod - 999999-94081 % icao - D19C % ncdc - 30014535 % nws - BCRS2 % wban - 94081 % % Sources: Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % Global Summary of the Day % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: cb29215c68b90e04a2c120870f90e198 % Raw Data Hash: 82f9de5e3d8bd56e26a2544f34af8502 % Adj Data Hash: 93115e6e1dc94c53f77c8f66759afc69 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 2003 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.099 -0.333 2003 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.042 3.058 2003 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -5.280 -4.381 2003 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -3.573 3.397 2004 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -11.438 -0.630 2004 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -5.436 1.574 2004 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.793 3.984 2004 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.989 2.269 2004 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.680 -0.815 2004 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.675 -2.070 2004 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.401 -0.161 2004 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.381 -2.380 2004 9 12.656 -1.237 1 0 NaN NaN 15.470 1.038 2004 10 7.621 0.175 0 0 7.621 0.175 9.061 1.077 2004 11 1.208 2.645 0 0 1.208 2.645 1.819 2.718 2004 12 -2.810 4.698 0 0 -2.810 4.698 -2.884 4.086 2005 1 -8.565 2.782 0 0 -8.565 2.782 -10.243 0.565 2005 2 -2.593 4.955 0 0 -2.593 4.955 -1.439 5.570 2005 3 1.371 4.100 0 0 1.371 4.100 0.908 3.099 2005 4 7.183 2.001 0 0 7.183 2.001 8.155 2.435 2005 5 10.239 -1.718 0 0 10.239 -1.718 11.148 -1.347 2005 6 17.862 0.655 0 0 17.862 0.655 18.158 0.412 2005 7 22.674 1.650 0 0 22.674 1.650 22.845 1.282 2005 8 20.391 0.168 0 0 20.391 0.168 20.614 -0.147 2005 9 16.082 2.188 0 0 16.082 2.188 16.257 1.825 2005 10 7.374 -0.072 0 0 7.374 -0.072 9.325 1.341 2005 11 1.365 2.802 0 0 1.365 2.802 1.870 2.768 2005 12 -7.390 0.118 0 0 -7.390 0.118 -6.349 0.621 2006 1 -0.179 11.167 0 0 -0.179 11.167 -1.452 9.356 2006 2 -4.748 2.799 0 0 -4.748 2.799 -4.350 2.660 2006 3 -0.779 1.950 0 0 -0.779 1.950 -1.629 0.562 2006 4 8.135 2.953 0 0 8.135 2.953 9.381 3.661 2006 5 12.531 0.574 0 0 12.531 0.574 13.970 1.475 2006 6 18.447 1.240 0 0 18.447 1.240 19.405 1.660 2006 7 24.369 3.345 0 0 24.369 3.345 25.508 3.946 2006 8 21.858 1.636 0 0 21.858 1.636 22.389 1.628 2006 9 12.618 -1.275 0 0 12.618 -1.275 12.996 -1.435 2006 10 5.065 -2.381 0 0 5.065 -2.381 6.706 -1.278 2006 11 -0.482 0.955 0 0 -0.482 0.955 0.019 0.918 2006 12 -5.061 2.447 0 0 -5.061 2.447 -3.795 3.174 2007 1 -5.992 5.354 0 0 -5.992 5.354 -6.475 4.333 2007 2 -8.932 -1.384 0 0 -8.932 -1.384 -8.315 -1.306 2007 3 3.874 6.603 0 0 3.874 6.603 3.518 5.709 2007 4 5.048 -0.134 0 0 5.048 -0.134 5.234 -0.486 2007 5 13.127 1.171 0 0 13.127 1.171 14.134 1.639 2007 6 18.248 1.041 0 0 18.248 1.041 18.772 1.026 2007 7 25.262 4.238 0 0 25.262 4.238 24.989 3.427 2007 8 21.195 0.972 0 0 21.195 0.972 21.397 0.635 2007 9 14.610 0.717 0 0 14.610 0.717 15.438 1.006 2007 10 7.903 0.457 0 0 7.903 0.457 9.905 1.921 2007 11 -1.027 0.410 0 0 -1.027 0.410 0.446 1.345 2007 12 -7.235 0.273 0 0 -7.235 0.273 -6.231 0.739 2008 1 -9.240 2.106 0 0 -9.240 2.106 -9.628 1.180 2008 2 -7.703 -0.156 0 0 -7.703 -0.156 -7.077 -0.067 2008 3 -0.431 2.298 0 0 -0.431 2.298 -0.382 1.809 2008 4 4.212 -0.971 0 0 4.212 -0.971 5.001 -0.720 2008 5 9.974 -1.983 0 0 9.974 -1.983 11.307 -1.188 2008 6 15.420 -1.787 0 0 15.420 -1.787 16.117 -1.629 2008 7 20.873 -0.151 0 0 20.873 -0.151 22.300 0.738 2008 8 20.413 0.190 0 0 20.413 0.190 21.754 0.993 2008 9 12.895 -0.998 0 0 12.895 -0.998 13.857 -0.575 2008 10 6.464 -0.982 0 0 6.464 -0.982 8.431 0.447 2008 11 0.098 1.535 0 0 0.098 1.535 0.208 1.107 2008 12 -10.855 -3.347 0 0 -10.855 -3.347 -11.009 -4.039 2009 1 -7.365 3.982 0 0 -7.365 3.982 -9.500 1.308 2009 2 -7.223 0.324 0 0 -7.223 0.324 -6.255 0.754 2009 3 -4.327 -1.598 0 0 -4.327 -1.598 -4.900 -2.709 2009 4 3.067 -2.116 0 0 3.067 -2.116 4.249 -1.472 2009 5 11.232 -0.725 0 0 11.232 -0.725 12.186 -0.309 2009 6 14.762 -2.445 0 0 14.762 -2.445 15.664 -2.081 2009 7 18.645 -2.379 0 0 18.645 -2.379 19.296 -2.266 2009 8 18.426 -1.797 0 0 18.426 -1.797 19.048 -1.713 2009 9 16.926 3.033 0 0 16.926 3.033 16.983 2.551 2009 10 2.952 -4.494 0 0 2.952 -4.494 4.212 -3.772 2009 11 2.317 3.754 0 0 2.317 3.754 3.380 4.279 2009 12 -12.698 -5.190 0 0 -12.698 -5.190 -11.600 -4.630 2010 1 -9.856 1.490 0 0 -9.856 1.490 -10.593 0.215 2010 2 -11.798 -4.251 0 0 -11.798 -4.251 -10.092 -3.083 2010 3 0.518 3.247 0 0 0.518 3.247 -0.014 2.177 2010 4 6.763 1.581 0 0 6.763 1.581 7.829 2.109 2010 5 10.213 -1.744 0 0 10.213 -1.744 10.900 -1.595 2010 6 16.817 -0.390 0 0 16.817 -0.390 17.200 -0.545 2010 7 20.098 -0.926 0 0 20.098 -0.926 21.117 -0.445 2010 8 20.500 0.277 0 0 20.500 0.277 21.667 0.906 2010 9 13.305 -0.588 0 0 13.305 -0.588 13.399 -1.032 2010 10 9.090 1.645 0 0 9.090 1.645 10.940 2.956 2010 11 -3.140 -1.703 0 0 -3.140 -1.703 -1.755 -0.856 2010 12 -9.900 -2.392 0 0 -9.900 -2.392 -9.511 -2.541 2011 1 -10.587 0.759 0 0 -10.587 0.759 -11.453 -0.645 2011 2 -10.348 -2.801 0 0 -10.348 -2.801 -9.300 -2.291 2011 3 -3.998 -1.269 0 0 -3.998 -1.269 -5.060 -2.869 2011 4 4.767 -0.416 0 0 4.767 -0.416 4.820 -0.900 2011 5 9.950 -2.007 0 0 9.950 -2.007 10.588 -1.908 2011 6 15.935 -1.272 0 0 15.935 -1.272 16.623 -1.122 2011 7 22.095 1.071 0 0 22.095 1.071 22.779 1.216 2011 8 20.292 0.069 0 0 20.292 0.069 21.350 0.589 2011 9 14.035 0.142 0 0 14.035 0.142 14.663 0.232 2011 10 9.097 1.651 0 0 9.097 1.651 10.793 2.809 2011 11 -0.990 0.447 0 0 -0.990 0.447 0.096 0.995 2011 12 -3.865 3.644 0 0 -3.865 3.644 -3.385 3.585 2012 1 -4.558 6.788 0 0 -4.558 6.788 -4.954 5.854 2012 2 -5.340 2.208 0 0 -5.340 2.208 -4.122 2.887 2012 3 6.666 9.395 0 0 6.666 9.395 6.419 8.610 2012 4 8.268 3.086 0 0 8.268 3.086 8.880 3.160 2012 5 12.504 0.547 0 0 12.504 0.547 12.969 0.474 2012 6 19.967 2.760 0 0 19.967 2.760 19.694 1.948 2012 7 24.429 3.405 0 0 24.429 3.405 25.011 3.449 2012 8 19.924 -0.299 0 0 19.924 -0.299 21.024 0.263 2012 9 15.611 1.718 0 0 15.611 1.718 15.619 1.187 2012 10 5.760 -1.686 0 0 5.760 -1.686 7.429 -0.555 2012 11 0.805 2.242 0 0 0.805 2.242 0.749 1.648 2012 12 -7.092 0.416 0 0 -7.092 0.416 -6.698 0.271 2013 1 -6.823 4.524 0 0 -6.823 4.524 -8.190 2.618 2013 2 -2.998 4.549 0 0 -2.998 4.549 -2.215 4.794 2013 3 -1.689 1.040 0 0 -1.689 1.040 -2.589 -0.398 2013 4 2.048 -3.134 0 0 2.048 -3.134 2.405 -3.316 2013 5 11.637 -0.320 0 0 11.637 -0.320 12.711 0.216 2013 6 16.338 -0.869 0 0 16.338 -0.869 17.156 -0.590 2013 7 21.719 0.695 0 0 21.719 0.695 21.304 -0.258 2013 8 21.298 1.076 0 0 21.298 1.076 21.596 0.835 2013 9 17.145 3.252 0 0 17.145 3.252 17.167 2.735 2013 10 4.140 -3.305 0 0 4.140 -3.305 6.312 -1.672 2013 11 1.260 2.697 1 0 NaN NaN NaN NaN