% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 40114 % Primary Name: HEREFORD % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: SD % Latitude: 44.38330 +/- 0.00005 % Longitude: -102.90000 +/- 0.00005 % Elevation (m): 798.90 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 143 % % IDs: coop - 393760 % ghcnd - USC00393760 % ncdc - 20017792 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: ef79cc3d2a7dde4b3b256b1e02a2bff0 % Raw Data Hash: 64995090bb2124b757773b7bdd07a04d % Adj Data Hash: f65cd2881d7e2ba1081beed4151de22b % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1959 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.623 -1.885 1959 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -2.410 -3.807 1959 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 0.432 4.117 1960 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -5.766 0.897 1960 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -6.614 -3.068 1960 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -3.081 -3.287 1960 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.116 1.189 1960 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.294 0.128 1960 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.863 -0.681 1960 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.280 1.640 1960 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.079 0.263 1960 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.557 0.642 1960 10 11.222 1.418 0 0 11.222 1.418 11.165 1.656 1960 11 2.944 1.252 0 0 2.944 1.252 2.167 0.771 1960 12 -4.556 -1.166 0 0 -4.556 -1.166 -3.782 -0.096 1961 1 -3.278 3.089 0 0 -3.278 3.089 -3.674 2.989 1961 2 0.278 3.527 0 0 0.278 3.527 0.610 4.155 1961 3 4.333 3.832 0 0 4.333 3.832 3.022 2.816 1961 4 6.111 -1.112 0 0 6.111 -1.112 5.327 -1.600 1961 5 13.167 -0.296 0 0 13.167 -0.296 12.680 -0.487 1961 6 21.500 2.660 0 0 21.500 2.660 20.590 2.046 1961 7 21.944 -0.992 0 0 21.944 -0.992 22.425 -0.215 1961 8 24.500 2.388 0 0 24.500 2.388 24.285 2.468 1961 9 13.056 -3.155 0 0 13.056 -3.155 12.570 -3.344 1961 10 10.056 0.251 0 0 10.056 0.251 10.345 0.837 1961 11 1.000 -0.692 0 0 1.000 -0.692 0.923 -0.473 1961 12 -5.500 -2.111 0 0 -5.500 -2.111 -5.210 -1.525 1962 1 -7.111 -0.745 0 0 -7.111 -0.745 -7.644 -0.982 1962 2 -4.667 -1.417 0 0 -4.667 -1.417 -4.005 -0.459 1962 3 -2.556 -3.057 0 0 -2.556 -3.057 -2.818 -3.024 1962 4 10.278 3.055 0 0 10.278 3.055 9.068 2.141 1962 5 14.833 1.371 0 0 14.833 1.371 14.056 0.890 1962 6 18.611 -0.229 0 0 18.611 -0.229 17.723 -0.821 1962 7 20.889 -2.047 0 0 20.889 -2.047 20.598 -2.042 1962 8 22.000 -0.112 0 0 22.000 -0.112 21.446 -0.370 1962 9 16.167 -0.044 0 0 16.167 -0.044 15.054 -0.860 1962 10 11.889 2.085 0 0 11.889 2.085 12.172 2.664 1962 11 4.667 2.974 0 0 4.667 2.974 4.345 2.949 1962 12 -1.111 2.278 0 0 -1.111 2.278 -1.289 2.396 1963 1 -10.111 -3.745 0 0 -10.111 -3.745 -11.226 -4.564 1963 2 -1.167 2.083 0 0 -1.167 2.083 -0.341 3.205 1963 3 5.389 4.887 0 0 5.389 4.887 3.532 3.327 1963 4 8.222 0.999 0 0 8.222 0.999 7.187 0.260 1963 5 14.500 1.038 0 0 14.500 1.038 13.583 0.417 1963 6 20.722 1.882 0 0 20.722 1.882 19.521 0.977 1963 7 24.556 1.619 0 0 24.556 1.619 23.643 1.003 1963 8 24.444 2.332 0 0 24.444 2.332 23.087 1.271 1963 9 19.889 3.679 0 0 19.889 3.679 18.317 2.403 1963 10 15.722 5.918 0 0 15.722 5.918 15.570 6.061 1963 11 3.778 2.086 0 0 3.778 2.086 3.863 2.467 1963 12 -5.500 -2.111 0 0 -5.500 -2.111 -5.344 -1.659 1964 1 -2.611 3.755 0 0 -2.611 3.755 -3.252 3.410 1964 2 -2.278 0.972 0 0 -2.278 0.972 -1.909 1.636 1964 3 -0.944 -1.446 0 0 -0.944 -1.446 -2.183 -2.389 1964 4 8.667 1.444 0 0 8.667 1.444 7.564 0.637 1964 5 15.444 1.982 0 0 15.444 1.982 14.445 1.279 1964 6 18.444 -0.396 0 0 18.444 -0.396 17.538 -1.006 1964 7 24.722 1.786 0 0 24.722 1.786 24.448 1.807 1964 8 21.000 -1.112 0 0 21.000 -1.112 20.383 -1.434 1964 9 15.389 -0.821 0 0 15.389 -0.821 14.359 -1.556 1964 10 10.889 1.085 0 0 10.889 1.085 11.027 1.519 1964 11 0.889 -0.803 0 0 0.889 -0.803 0.525 -0.871 1964 12 -8.667 -5.278 0 0 -8.667 -5.278 -7.035 -3.350 1965 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -4.712 1.951 1965 2 -3.944 -0.695 0 0 -3.944 -0.695 -3.542 0.004 1965 3 -6.167 -6.668 0 0 -6.167 -6.668 -6.809 -7.015 1965 4 8.333 1.110 0 0 8.333 1.110 7.799 0.872 1965 5 13.222 -0.240 0 0 13.222 -0.240 12.710 -0.456 1965 6 18.278 -0.562 0 0 18.278 -0.562 17.473 -1.071 1965 7 23.167 0.231 0 0 23.167 0.231 22.065 -0.575 1965 8 22.056 -0.057 0 0 22.056 -0.057 20.949 -0.867 1965 9 10.500 -5.710 0 0 10.500 -5.710 9.494 -6.421 1965 10 13.222 3.418 0 0 13.222 3.418 12.848 3.340 1965 11 2.167 0.474 0 0 2.167 0.474 2.784 1.388 1965 12 -0.444 2.945 0 0 -0.444 2.945 -0.006 3.679 1966 1 -10.722 -4.356 0 0 -10.722 -4.356 -10.553 -3.890 1966 2 -8.778 -5.528 0 0 -8.778 -5.528 -6.690 -3.145 1966 3 3.389 2.887 0 0 3.389 2.887 1.680 1.475 1966 4 5.000 -2.223 0 0 5.000 -2.223 4.357 -2.570 1966 5 14.000 0.538 0 0 14.000 0.538 13.772 0.606 1966 6 19.833 0.993 0 0 19.833 0.993 18.765 0.220 1966 7 25.611 2.675 0 0 25.611 2.675 25.444 2.803 1966 8 19.444 -2.668 0 0 19.444 -2.668 19.693 -2.123 1966 9 17.722 1.512 0 0 17.722 1.512 16.209 0.294 1966 10 9.500 -0.304 0 0 9.500 -0.304 10.117 0.608 1966 11 0.389 -1.303 0 0 0.389 -1.303 0.800 -0.596 1966 12 -3.222 0.167 0 0 -3.222 0.167 -2.893 0.792 1967 1 -3.722 2.644 0 0 -3.722 2.644 -3.574 3.089 1967 2 -3.000 0.250 0 0 -3.000 0.250 -2.368 1.178 1967 3 2.056 1.554 0 0 2.056 1.554 1.475 1.269 1967 4 7.889 0.666 0 0 7.889 0.666 7.396 0.468 1967 5 10.944 -2.518 0 0 10.944 -2.518 10.154 -3.012 1967 6 16.667 -2.174 0 0 16.667 -2.174 15.882 -2.662 1967 7 22.389 -0.547 0 0 22.389 -0.547 21.793 -0.847 1967 8 21.833 -0.279 0 0 21.833 -0.279 21.434 -0.382 1967 9 17.500 1.290 0 0 17.500 1.290 16.364 0.449 1967 10 8.778 -1.026 0 0 8.778 -1.026 10.664 1.156 1967 11 1.611 -0.081 0 0 1.611 -0.081 1.319 -0.077 1967 12 -6.000 -2.611 0 0 -6.000 -2.611 -5.383 -1.698 1968 1 -6.500 -0.133 0 0 -6.500 -0.133 -6.352 0.311 1968 2 -3.222 0.027 0 0 -3.222 0.027 -2.175 1.370 1968 3 4.444 3.943 0 0 4.444 3.943 3.665 3.459 1968 4 6.944 -0.279 0 0 6.944 -0.279 6.120 -0.807 1968 5 11.556 -1.907 0 0 11.556 -1.907 10.823 -2.344 1968 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.692 -0.852 1968 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.866 -0.774 1968 8 21.111 -1.001 0 0 21.111 -1.001 20.027 -1.789 1968 9 16.333 0.123 0 0 16.333 0.123 15.115 -0.799 1968 10 11.444 1.640 0 0 11.444 1.640 11.506 1.997 1968 11 2.167 0.474 0 0 2.167 0.474 1.742 0.346 1968 12 -8.833 -5.444 0 0 -8.833 -5.444 -7.448 -3.763 1969 1 -10.778 -4.411 0 0 -10.778 -4.411 -10.460 -3.797 1969 2 -5.444 -2.195 0 0 -5.444 -2.195 -3.639 -0.094 1969 3 -3.056 -3.557 0 0 -3.056 -3.557 -3.254 -3.459 1969 4 10.889 3.666 0 0 10.889 3.666 10.141 3.214 1969 5 15.667 2.204 0 0 15.667 2.204 14.702 1.536 1969 6 16.556 -2.285 0 0 16.556 -2.285 15.455 -3.090 1969 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.281 -0.359 1969 8 25.889 3.777 0 0 25.889 3.777 24.237 2.421 1969 9 20.222 4.012 0 0 20.222 4.012 18.288 2.374 1969 10 6.167 -3.638 0 0 6.167 -3.638 6.411 -3.097 1969 11 3.833 2.141 0 0 3.833 2.141 3.545 2.149 1969 12 -2.568 0.821 0 0 -2.568 0.821 -2.187 1.498 1970 1 -10.889 -4.522 0 0 -10.889 -4.522 -8.916 -2.253 1970 2 -0.333 2.916 0 0 -0.333 2.916 0.049 3.595 1970 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -2.847 -3.052 1970 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.482 -2.445 1970 5 14.500 1.038 0 0 14.500 1.038 13.949 0.783 1970 6 20.278 1.438 0 0 20.278 1.438 19.258 0.713 1970 7 24.889 1.953 0 0 24.889 1.953 23.701 1.061 1970 8 25.444 3.332 0 0 25.444 3.332 23.791 1.975 1970 9 16.889 0.679 0 0 16.889 0.679 15.158 -0.756 1970 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.857 -1.651 1970 11 0.141 -1.551 0 0 0.141 -1.551 0.725 -0.671 1970 12 -7.556 -4.166 0 0 -7.556 -4.166 -5.691 -2.006 1971 1 -9.111 -2.745 0 0 -9.111 -2.745 -8.910 -2.247 1971 2 -5.500 -2.250 0 0 -5.500 -2.250 -4.765 -1.219 1971 3 0.111 -0.390 0 0 0.111 -0.390 -0.629 -0.835 1971 4 8.500 1.277 0 0 8.500 1.277 7.954 1.027 1971 5 12.444 -1.018 0 0 12.444 -1.018 12.343 -0.823 1971 6 19.611 0.771 0 0 19.611 0.771 19.283 0.738 1971 7 21.278 -1.658 0 0 21.278 -1.658 20.892 -1.748 1971 8 24.722 2.610 0 0 24.722 2.610 23.717 1.901 1971 9 15.667 -0.544 0 0 15.667 -0.544 14.302 -1.613 1971 10 7.778 -2.026 0 0 7.778 -2.026 8.988 -0.520 1971 11 2.167 0.474 0 0 2.167 0.474 1.804 0.408 1971 12 -6.123 -2.734 0 0 -6.123 -2.734 -5.424 -1.739 1972 1 -9.389 -3.022 0 0 -9.389 -3.022 -9.476 -2.813 1972 2 -5.667 -2.417 0 0 -5.667 -2.417 -3.719 -0.174 1972 3 2.389 1.887 0 0 2.389 1.887 2.425 2.219 1972 4 7.500 0.277 0 0 7.500 0.277 6.862 -0.065 1972 5 13.611 0.149 0 0 13.611 0.149 13.287 0.121 1972 6 20.000 1.160 0 0 20.000 1.160 18.845 0.301 1972 7 21.000 -1.936 0 0 21.000 -1.936 20.342 -2.298 1972 8 23.278 1.166 0 0 23.278 1.166 21.481 -0.335 1972 9 16.556 0.345 0 0 16.556 0.345 15.362 -0.552 1972 10 7.944 -1.860 0 0 7.944 -1.860 8.559 -0.949 1972 11 -0.167 -1.859 0 0 -0.167 -1.859 -0.074 -1.470 1972 12 -9.556 -6.166 0 0 -9.556 -6.166 -7.965 -4.280 1973 1 -5.056 1.311 0 0 -5.056 1.311 -5.018 1.645 1973 2 -1.944 1.305 0 0 -1.944 1.305 -1.304 2.241 1973 3 3.778 3.276 0 0 3.778 3.276 2.711 2.506 1973 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.967 -0.961 1973 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.508 -0.658 1973 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.609 0.065 1973 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.467 -0.174 1973 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.658 1.841 1973 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.909 -2.005 1973 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.672 2.164 1973 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 0.190 -1.206 1973 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -3.522 0.163 1974 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -6.554 0.109 1974 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 0.423 3.969 1974 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.186 1.981