% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 39823 % Primary Name: BIG BEND DAM % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: SD % Latitude: 44.06670 +/- 0.00005 % Longitude: -99.46670 +/- 0.00005 % Elevation (m): 445.00 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 55 % % IDs: coop - 390649 % ghcnd - USC00390649 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % % Site Hash: 4fc6ce1b08408b3dea94606375faa6ef % Raw Data Hash: b50cfa20528c88c55415e0f8ebdd81bd % Adj Data Hash: 9a944a27c0f38889af7558c39d320508 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1964 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.106 1.470 1964 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.213 1.806 1964 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.362 0.471 1964 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.458 2.194 1964 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.812 -1.463 1964 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.606 -0.830 1964 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.849 1.165 1964 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.094 -0.452 1964 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -10.653 -3.599 1965 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -13.185 -2.017 1965 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -8.122 -0.914 1965 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -7.013 -5.771 1965 4 7.868 -0.105 1 0 NaN NaN 7.884 0.247 1965 5 15.334 0.590 1 0 NaN NaN 15.145 0.738 1965 6 19.703 -0.525 1 0 NaN NaN 19.246 -0.645 1965 7 23.613 0.012 1 0 NaN NaN 23.088 -0.176 1965 8 22.765 0.152 1 0 NaN NaN 22.104 -0.172 1965 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.748 -5.688 1965 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.184 2.499 1965 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.004 0.646 1965 12 -2.016 4.702 1 0 NaN NaN -2.234 4.821 1966 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -15.850 -4.682 1966 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -9.245 -2.037 1966 3 3.341 4.246 0 0 3.341 4.246 1.796 3.038 1966 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.169 -2.467 1966 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.185 -1.222 1966 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.068 0.177 1966 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.976 2.712 1966 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.323 -1.953 1966 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.417 -1.019 1966 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.416 0.731 1966 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.898 -1.256 1966 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -6.234 0.821 1967 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -8.238 2.930 1967 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -8.483 -1.275 1967 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.145 2.387 1967 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.154 0.517 1967 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.815 -2.592 1967 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.461 -1.430 1967 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.021 -1.243 1967 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.473 -0.803 1967 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.433 -0.003 1967 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.121 0.437 1967 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 0.871 0.513 1967 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -6.358 0.696 1968 1 -10.500 0.331 0 2 -10.500 0.331 -10.550 0.618 1968 2 -7.056 -0.184 0 0 -7.056 -0.184 -6.966 0.242 1968 3 3.389 4.294 0 0 3.389 4.294 3.471 4.713 1968 4 7.444 -0.529 0 0 7.444 -0.529 8.123 0.486 1968 5 11.778 -2.966 0 0 11.778 -2.966 11.672 -2.735 1968 6 19.833 -0.395 0 0 19.833 -0.395 20.023 0.132 1968 7 22.778 -0.823 0 0 22.778 -0.823 22.412 -0.853 1968 8 22.056 -0.557 0 0 22.056 -0.557 21.944 -0.331 1968 9 16.056 -0.717 0 0 16.056 -0.717 15.698 -0.738 1968 10 10.056 0.034 0 0 10.056 0.034 10.720 1.036 1968 11 1.833 1.139 0 0 1.833 1.139 1.095 0.737 1968 12 -8.167 -1.449 0 0 -8.167 -1.449 -9.404 -2.349 1969 1 -13.611 -2.780 0 0 -13.611 -2.780 -14.977 -3.809 1969 2 -6.833 0.038 0 0 -6.833 0.038 -6.573 0.636 1969 3 -6.611 -5.706 0 0 -6.611 -5.706 -7.189 -5.947 1969 4 10.611 2.638 0 0 10.611 2.638 9.602 1.965 1969 5 15.500 0.756 0 0 15.500 0.756 15.505 1.098 1969 6 16.778 -3.450 0 0 16.778 -3.450 16.506 -3.385 1969 7 22.611 -0.990 0 0 22.611 -0.990 22.786 -0.478 1969 8 24.167 1.555 0 0 24.167 1.555 23.571 1.295 1969 9 17.889 1.116 0 0 17.889 1.116 17.401 0.965 1969 10 6.111 -3.910 0 0 6.111 -3.910 7.075 -2.609 1969 11 1.222 0.528 0 0 1.222 0.528 1.662 1.304 1969 12 -5.278 1.440 0 0 -5.278 1.440 -5.936 1.119 1970 1 -13.111 -2.280 0 0 -13.111 -2.280 -15.265 -4.097 1970 2 -5.500 1.372 0 0 -5.500 1.372 -4.915 2.294 1970 3 -3.722 -2.817 0 0 -3.722 -2.817 -3.853 -2.612 1970 4 6.167 -1.807 0 0 6.167 -1.807 6.753 -0.883 1970 5 14.944 0.201 0 0 14.944 0.201 15.314 0.907 1970 6 21.500 1.272 0 0 21.500 1.272 20.919 1.027 1970 7 25.111 1.510 0 0 25.111 1.510 24.075 0.811 1970 8 23.778 1.166 0 0 23.778 1.166 23.364 1.088 1970 9 17.333 0.561 0 0 17.333 0.561 17.118 0.682 1970 10 9.000 -1.021 0 0 9.000 -1.021 9.610 -0.074 1970 11 0.167 -0.528 0 0 0.167 -0.528 -0.188 -0.545 1970 12 -8.778 -2.060 0 0 -8.778 -2.060 -9.146 -2.091 1971 1 -11.556 -0.724 0 0 -11.556 -0.724 -14.165 -2.997 1971 2 -7.500 -0.628 0 0 -7.500 -0.628 -7.722 -0.514 1971 3 -0.444 0.461 0 0 -0.444 0.461 -1.572 -0.331 1971 4 8.722 0.749 0 0 8.722 0.749 8.976 1.339 1971 5 13.667 -1.077 0 0 13.667 -1.077 13.042 -1.365 1971 6 22.944 2.716 0 0 22.944 2.716 21.890 1.999 1971 7 22.000 -1.601 0 0 22.000 -1.601 21.327 -1.938 1971 8 24.389 1.777 0 0 24.389 1.777 23.556 1.280 1971 9 16.222 -0.550 0 0 16.222 -0.550 15.880 -0.556 1971 10 10.056 0.034 0 0 10.056 0.034 11.186 1.502 1971 11 1.333 0.639 0 0 1.333 0.639 0.882 0.524 1971 12 -7.556 -0.838 0 0 -7.556 -0.838 -8.469 -1.415 1972 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -13.823 -2.655 1972 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -10.145 -2.937 1972 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.209 0.033 1972 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.017 -0.620 1972 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.102 0.694 1972 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.501 -0.390 1972 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.513 -1.752 1972 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.095 -0.180 1972 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.020 -0.416 1972 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.600 -1.085 1972 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.397 -0.755 1972 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -9.888 -2.833