% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 37051 % Primary Name: TOPEKA % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: IN % Latitude: 41.58330 +/- 0.00005 % Longitude: -85.56670 +/- 0.00005 % Elevation (m): 268.24 +/- 17.17 % # of Months: 134 % % Alternate Names: Missing Station ID - 128809 % % IDs: coop - 128809 % ghcnd - USC00128809 % ncdc - 20006455 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: 5fd1acc4fb51b3c8d6bb2f09018f1d22 % Raw Data Hash: 7362223715467511eb777bff29b68adb % Adj Data Hash: 705b2a5fbbb5b57711b0b1e7a918e08f % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1892 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -7.152 -2.484 1892 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.964 1.938 1892 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 0.166 -2.525 1892 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.414 -1.192 1892 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.986 -1.707 1892 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.864 0.910 1892 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.514 -0.438 1892 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.379 -0.497 1892 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.729 -0.445 1892 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.821 -0.726 1892 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.137 -2.505 1892 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -3.376 -1.751 1893 1 -9.146 -4.111 1 0 NaN NaN -10.322 -5.654 1893 2 16.667 19.935 1 0 NaN NaN -4.626 -1.724 1893 3 2.111 -0.213 0 0 2.111 -0.213 2.068 -0.623 1893 4 9.333 0.095 0 0 9.333 0.095 8.957 -0.648 1893 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.660 -2.033 1893 6 20.389 -0.198 0 0 20.389 -0.198 21.345 0.392 1893 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.450 0.497 1893 8 20.500 -1.009 0 0 20.500 -1.009 20.897 -0.979 1893 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.269 0.095 1893 10 10.556 -0.625 0 0 10.556 -0.625 11.493 -0.054 1893 11 0.667 -3.609 0 0 0.667 -3.609 3.325 -1.318 1893 12 -10.837 -8.845 1 0 NaN NaN -1.739 -0.113 1894 1 -2.556 2.480 0 0 -2.556 2.480 -1.528 3.141 1894 2 -4.944 -1.676 0 0 -4.944 -1.676 -4.628 -1.726 1894 3 5.056 2.732 0 0 5.056 2.732 6.137 3.446 1894 4 9.222 -0.016 0 0 9.222 -0.016 10.254 0.649 1894 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.534 -1.159 1894 6 22.111 1.524 0 0 22.111 1.524 22.154 1.200 1894 7 22.111 -0.475 0 0 22.111 -0.475 23.044 0.091 1894 8 19.889 -1.620 0 0 19.889 -1.620 21.091 -0.785 1894 9 17.222 -0.585 0 0 17.222 -0.585 19.115 0.941 1894 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.449 -0.098 1894 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.299 -2.343 1894 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 0.260 1.886 1895 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -7.859 -3.191 1895 2 -5.306 -2.037 1 0 NaN NaN -8.725 -5.824 1895 3 0.448 -1.876 0 0 0.448 -1.876 0.564 -2.126 1895 4 10.463 1.224 0 0 10.463 1.224 10.742 1.137 1895 5 16.846 1.520 0 0 16.846 1.520 16.053 0.360 1895 6 23.563 2.976 0 0 23.563 2.976 22.628 1.675 1895 7 24.910 2.325 0 0 24.910 2.325 21.942 -1.010 1895 8 24.444 2.935 1 0 NaN NaN 22.390 0.515 1895 9 21.897 4.090 0 0 21.897 4.090 20.459 2.285 1895 10 7.963 -3.217 0 0 7.963 -3.217 7.447 -4.100 1895 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.679 -0.963 1895 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.952 0.673 1896 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -4.302 0.367 1896 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -2.856 0.045 1896 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.523 -3.214 1896 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.045 3.439 1896 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.315 3.622 1896 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.859 -0.094 1896 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.310 -0.643 1896 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.585 -0.291 1896 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.310 -1.864 1896 10 8.944 -2.236 0 0 8.944 -2.236 8.977 -2.570 1896 11 4.778 0.502 0 0 4.778 0.502 5.489 0.847 1896 12 -0.944 1.048 0 0 -0.944 1.048 -0.714 0.912 1897 1 -4.946 0.089 0 0 -4.946 0.089 -6.318 -1.650 1897 2 -1.944 1.324 0 0 -1.944 1.324 -2.281 0.621 1897 3 2.333 0.009 0 0 2.333 0.009 3.283 0.593 1897 4 8.778 -0.461 0 0 8.778 -0.461 8.546 -1.059 1897 5 13.082 -2.244 0 0 13.082 -2.244 13.219 -2.474 1897 6 18.889 -1.698 0 0 18.889 -1.698 19.811 -1.142 1897 7 24.415 1.829 1 0 NaN NaN 24.185 1.232 1897 8 18.611 -2.898 0 0 18.611 -2.898 19.918 -1.957 1897 9 19.349 1.542 0 0 19.349 1.542 19.632 1.459 1897 10 13.405 2.225 0 0 13.405 2.225 13.908 2.361 1897 11 4.167 -0.109 0 0 4.167 -0.109 4.541 -0.102 1897 12 -1.918 0.075 0 0 -1.918 0.075 -2.403 -0.777 1898 1 -1.519 3.517 0 0 -1.519 3.517 -2.201 2.467 1898 2 -2.163 1.106 0 0 -2.163 1.106 -2.743 0.159 1898 3 5.753 3.429 0 0 5.753 3.429 5.697 3.006 1898 4 8.056 -1.183 0 0 8.056 -1.183 8.264 -1.342 1898 5 15.376 0.050 0 0 15.376 0.050 15.299 -0.394 1898 6 20.778 0.191 0 0 20.778 0.191 21.654 0.700 1898 7 23.280 0.694 0 0 23.280 0.694 23.557 0.604 1898 8 18.944 -2.565 0 0 18.944 -2.565 21.889 0.013 1898 9 16.370 -1.437 0 0 16.370 -1.437 19.844 1.670 1898 10 8.852 -2.329 0 0 8.852 -2.329 11.426 -0.121 1898 11 0.000 -4.276 0 0 0.000 -4.276 2.561 -2.082 1898 12 -4.389 -2.397 0 0 -4.389 -2.397 -3.362 -1.736 1899 1 -4.667 0.369 0 0 -4.667 0.369 -4.494 0.175 1899 2 -6.944 -3.676 0 0 -6.944 -3.676 -7.233 -4.331 1899 3 -0.269 -2.593 0 0 -0.269 -2.593 0.223 -2.467 1899 4 10.815 1.576 0 0 10.815 1.576 11.566 1.961 1899 5 15.771 0.445 0 0 15.771 0.445 16.469 0.776 1899 6 20.667 0.080 0 0 20.667 0.080 22.064 1.110 1899 7 21.889 -0.697 0 0 21.889 -0.697 22.652 -0.300 1899 8 21.953 0.444 0 0 21.953 0.444 22.826 0.950 1899 9 16.426 -1.381 0 0 16.426 -1.381 17.408 -0.765 1899 10 13.019 1.838 0 0 13.019 1.838 14.015 2.468 1899 11 5.481 1.206 0 0 5.481 1.206 6.065 1.423 1899 12 -1.971 0.021 0 0 -1.971 0.021 -2.419 -0.794 1900 1 -1.559 3.476 0 0 -1.559 3.476 -2.270 2.399 1900 2 -5.040 -1.771 0 0 -5.040 -1.771 -5.729 -2.827 1900 3 -2.025 -4.349 0 0 -2.025 -4.349 -1.250 -3.941 1900 4 9.222 -0.016 0 0 9.222 -0.016 9.873 0.268 1900 5 16.222 0.896 0 0 16.222 0.896 16.867 1.175 1900 6 19.296 -1.290 0 0 19.296 -1.290 20.368 -0.585 1900 7 21.882 -0.704 0 0 21.882 -0.704 22.534 -0.418 1900 8 23.833 2.324 0 0 23.833 2.324 24.370 2.494 1900 9 19.000 1.193 0 0 19.000 1.193 20.090 1.916 1900 10 15.222 4.042 0 0 15.222 4.042 15.468 3.921 1900 11 4.444 0.169 0 0 4.444 0.169 4.430 -0.213 1900 12 -0.222 1.770 0 0 -0.222 1.770 -1.606 0.020 1901 1 -1.944 3.091 0 0 -1.944 3.091 -3.773 0.896 1901 2 -6.964 -3.696 0 0 -6.964 -3.696 -8.629 -5.728 1901 3 2.444 0.121 0 0 2.444 0.121 2.162 -0.529 1901 4 8.537 -0.702 0 0 8.537 -0.702 8.393 -1.212 1901 5 13.667 -1.659 0 0 13.667 -1.659 14.137 -1.556 1901 6 20.889 0.302 0 0 20.889 0.302 21.794 0.840 1901 7 25.556 2.970 0 0 25.556 2.970 25.793 2.840 1901 8 22.167 0.658 0 0 22.167 0.658 22.374 0.498 1901 9 17.500 -0.307 0 0 17.500 -0.307 18.283 0.110 1901 10 12.000 0.820 0 0 12.000 0.820 12.202 0.655 1901 11 2.944 -1.331 0 0 2.944 -1.331 2.966 -1.677 1901 12 -4.222 -2.230 0 0 -4.222 -2.230 -4.333 -2.707 1902 1 -4.111 0.924 0 0 -4.111 0.924 -4.400 0.268 1902 2 -6.944 -3.676 0 0 -6.944 -3.676 -7.435 -4.533 1902 3 4.778 2.454 0 0 4.778 2.454 4.759 2.068 1902 4 8.556 -0.683 0 0 8.556 -0.683 9.012 -0.593 1902 5 15.333 0.007 0 0 15.333 0.007 16.421 0.728 1902 6 17.778 -2.809 0 0 17.778 -2.809 19.067 -1.887 1902 7 22.056 -0.530 0 0 22.056 -0.530 23.106 0.153 1902 8 19.500 -2.009 0 0 19.500 -2.009 19.943 -1.933 1902 9 15.556 -2.251 0 0 15.556 -2.251 16.768 -1.406 1902 10 11.222 0.042 0 0 11.222 0.042 12.279 0.731 1902 11 9.222 4.946 0 0 9.222 4.946 8.803 4.161 1902 12 -3.833 -1.841 0 0 -3.833 -1.841 -3.496 -1.870 1903 1 -4.667 0.369 0 0 -4.667 0.369 -5.210 -0.541 1903 2 -4.889 -1.620 0 0 -4.889 -1.620 -3.986 -1.085 1903 3 7.111 4.787 0 0 7.111 4.787 6.404 3.713 1903 4 9.245 0.006 0 0 9.245 0.006 9.481 -0.124 1903 5 16.667 1.341 0 0 16.667 1.341 16.931 1.238 1903 6 16.944 -3.642 0 0 16.944 -3.642 17.726 -3.227 1903 7 21.056 -1.530 0 0 21.056 -1.530 22.343 -0.609 1903 8 19.333 -2.176 0 0 19.333 -2.176 20.489 -1.387 1903 9 17.778 -0.029 0 0 17.778 -0.029 18.173 -0.001 1903 10 11.889 0.709 0 0 11.889 0.709 11.805 0.258 1903 11 2.333 -1.943 0 0 2.333 -1.943 2.602 -2.040 1903 12 -7.556 -5.563 0 0 -7.556 -5.563 -6.274 -4.648 1904 1 -9.167 -4.131 0 0 -9.167 -4.131 -9.163 -4.495 1904 2 -8.889 -5.620 0 0 -8.889 -5.620 -7.959 -5.057 1904 3 2.056 -0.268 0 0 2.056 -0.268 2.293 -0.398 1904 4 6.778 -2.461 0 0 6.778 -2.461 6.563 -3.042 1904 5 14.389 -0.937 0 0 14.389 -0.937 15.010 -0.683 1904 6 19.111 -1.476 0 0 19.111 -1.476 19.682 -1.272 1904 7 20.778 -1.808 0 0 20.778 -1.808 21.416 -1.537 1904 8 19.333 -2.176 0 0 19.333 -2.176 19.713 -2.163 1904 9 17.944 0.137 0 0 17.944 0.137 18.285 0.111 1904 10 11.667 0.486 0 0 11.667 0.486 10.797 -0.750 1904 11 4.667 0.391 0 0 4.667 0.391 4.766 0.123 1904 12 -4.556 -2.563 0 0 -4.556 -2.563 -4.136 -2.510 1905 1 -6.444 -1.409 0 0 -6.444 -1.409 -7.491 -2.822 1905 2 -9.000 -5.731 0 0 -9.000 -5.731 -9.022 -6.121 1905 3 4.111 1.787 0 0 4.111 1.787 4.945 2.254 1905 4 8.889 -0.350 0 0 8.889 -0.350 8.943 -0.663 1905 5 15.500 0.174 0 0 15.500 0.174 15.178 -0.515 1905 6 22.500 1.913 0 0 22.500 1.913 20.660 -0.294 1905 7 21.000 -1.586 0 0 21.000 -1.586 22.202 -0.750 1905 8 19.611 -1.898 0 0 19.611 -1.898 21.987 0.111 1905 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.806 0.633 1905 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.146 -0.401 1905 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.843 -0.800 1905 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.100 0.526 1906 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.163 4.506 1906 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -4.258 -1.356 1906 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.830 -4.521 1906 4 9.222 -0.016 0 0 9.222 -0.016 10.817 1.211 1906 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.278 0.585 1906 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.573 -0.381 1906 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.846 -1.106 1906 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.138 1.262 1906 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.372 2.198 1906 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.987 -0.560 1906 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.195 -0.448 1906 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.305 0.321 1907 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -2.514 2.154 1907 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -4.573 -1.671 1907 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 6.364 3.673 1907 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.975 -4.631