% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 36965 % Primary Name: WAKEFIELD % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: MA % Latitude: 41.50000 +/- 0.00005 % Longitude: -71.06670 +/- 0.00005 % Elevation (m): 33.53 +/- 0.15 % # of Months: 94 % % Alternate Names: Missing Station ID - 198740 % % IDs: coop - 198740 % ghcnd - USC00198740 % ncdc - 12002478 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: e088241cd5121197029fcf381dcd0c0c % Raw Data Hash: 09b1e952b8ebda1e30296ff1e73ce313 % Adj Data Hash: a60a05484035070f45ac49488c49b057 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1889 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.535 2.430 1889 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.634 -2.439 1889 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.149 -0.225 1889 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.160 0.159 1889 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.408 0.919 1889 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.067 0.817 1889 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.845 -1.058 1889 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.055 -1.230 1889 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.430 -0.229 1889 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.074 -2.076 1889 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.498 0.700 1889 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.556 2.063 1890 1 -1.676 -1.855 0 0 -1.676 -1.855 3.834 2.729 1890 2 -1.216 -1.094 0 0 -1.216 -1.094 2.789 1.985 1890 3 -0.765 -3.212 0 0 -0.765 -3.212 2.080 -1.294 1890 4 5.252 -0.823 1 0 NaN NaN 6.407 -0.594 1890 5 13.410 2.848 0 0 13.410 2.848 10.942 -0.547 1890 6 17.252 1.928 0 0 17.252 1.928 15.231 -1.019 1890 7 21.495 2.518 1 0 NaN NaN 19.156 -0.748 1890 8 19.166 -0.192 0 0 19.166 -0.192 19.389 -0.895 1890 9 15.977 -0.756 0 0 15.977 -0.756 17.514 -0.144 1890 10 8.605 -3.618 0 0 8.605 -3.618 11.600 -1.549 1890 11 2.977 -4.895 1 0 NaN NaN 7.964 -0.834 1890 12 -3.821 -6.387 0 0 -3.821 -6.387 0.390 -3.102 1891 1 -2.295 -2.474 0 0 -2.295 -2.474 2.345 1.240 1891 2 -1.270 -1.148 0 0 -1.270 -1.148 2.084 1.280 1891 3 0.768 -1.680 0 0 0.768 -1.680 1.888 -1.485 1891 4 9.132 3.057 0 0 9.132 3.057 7.303 0.302 1891 5 12.952 2.389 0 0 12.952 2.389 10.449 -1.039 1891 6 18.085 2.761 0 0 18.085 2.761 15.250 -1.000 1891 7 21.398 2.421 0 0 21.398 2.421 18.002 -1.902 1891 8 22.237 2.879 0 0 22.237 2.879 20.439 0.155 1891 9 19.323 2.591 0 0 19.323 2.591 18.758 1.100 1891 10 9.645 -2.578 0 0 9.645 -2.578 11.680 -1.469 1891 11 3.977 -3.895 0 0 3.977 -3.895 7.766 -1.032 1891 12 3.706 1.141 0 0 3.706 1.141 6.363 2.870 1892 1 -3.047 -3.226 0 0 -3.047 -3.226 1.487 0.382 1892 2 -3.040 -2.918 0 0 -3.040 -2.918 0.518 -0.287 1892 3 -0.268 -2.715 0 0 -0.268 -2.715 1.050 -2.323 1892 4 8.572 2.497 0 0 8.572 2.497 6.723 -0.278 1892 5 12.865 2.302 0 0 12.865 2.302 10.239 -1.250 1892 6 21.233 5.909 0 0 21.233 5.909 16.916 0.666 1892 7 22.173 3.195 0 0 22.173 3.195 19.666 -0.238 1892 8 20.727 1.369 0 0 20.727 1.369 19.944 -0.340 1892 9 15.747 -0.986 0 0 15.747 -0.986 16.688 -0.970 1892 10 9.840 -2.383 0 0 9.840 -2.383 11.939 -1.210 1892 11 3.913 -3.959 0 0 3.913 -3.959 7.781 -1.017 1892 12 -2.598 -5.164 0 0 -2.598 -5.164 0.941 -2.551 1893 1 -7.957 -8.136 0 0 -7.957 -8.136 -3.343 -4.448 1893 2 -4.008 -3.886 0 0 -4.008 -3.886 -1.120 -1.925 1893 3 0.161 -2.286 0 0 0.161 -2.286 1.291 -2.082 1893 4 6.188 0.113 1 0 NaN NaN 5.431 -1.570 1893 5 13.513 2.950 0 0 13.513 2.950 10.969 -0.520 1893 6 18.741 3.417 0 0 18.741 3.417 15.660 -0.590 1893 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.350 -0.553 1893 8 20.682 1.324 1 0 NaN NaN 19.867 -0.418 1893 9 14.241 -2.492 0 0 14.241 -2.492 15.489 -2.169 1893 10 12.007 -0.216 0 0 12.007 -0.216 13.203 0.054 1893 11 3.907 -3.965 0 0 3.907 -3.965 7.844 -0.954 1893 12 -2.419 -4.985 0 0 -2.419 -4.985 2.585 -0.907 1894 1 -2.796 -2.974 0 0 -2.796 -2.974 1.830 0.725 1894 2 -4.702 -4.581 0 0 -4.702 -4.581 -1.121 -1.925 1894 3 5.072 2.624 0 0 5.072 2.624 5.224 1.851 1894 4 8.167 2.092 0 0 8.167 2.092 6.309 -0.692 1894 5 14.032 3.470 0 0 14.032 3.470 11.657 0.169 1894 6 20.519 5.195 0 0 20.519 5.195 16.756 0.506 1894 7 24.127 5.150 1 0 NaN NaN 20.728 0.824 1894 8 19.427 0.069 0 0 19.427 0.069 18.905 -1.379 1894 9 17.833 1.101 0 0 17.833 1.101 18.669 1.011 1894 10 10.771 -1.452 0 0 10.771 -1.452 13.168 0.019 1894 11 2.056 -5.817 0 0 2.056 -5.817 6.565 -2.234 1894 12 -1.918 -4.483 0 0 -1.918 -4.483 2.798 -0.694 1895 1 -4.050 -4.229 0 0 -4.050 -4.229 0.749 -0.356 1895 2 -5.694 -5.573 0 0 -5.694 -5.573 -3.064 -3.869 1895 3 0.663 -1.784 0 0 0.663 -1.784 1.941 -1.433 1895 4 7.426 1.351 0 0 7.426 1.351 6.204 -0.797 1895 5 15.108 4.545 0 0 15.108 4.545 11.829 0.340 1895 6 20.096 4.772 0 0 20.096 4.772 16.899 0.649 1895 7 19.749 0.772 0 0 19.749 0.772 18.459 -1.445 1895 8 20.357 0.999 1 0 NaN NaN 20.375 0.091 1895 9 17.204 0.471 0 0 17.204 0.471 18.507 0.848 1895 10 7.849 -4.374 0 0 7.849 -4.374 10.510 -2.639 1895 11 5.759 -2.113 0 0 5.759 -2.113 9.787 0.989 1895 12 0.358 -2.207 0 0 0.358 -2.207 4.369 0.877 1896 1 -5.484 -5.663 0 0 -5.484 -5.663 -0.836 -1.941 1896 2 -2.548 -2.426 0 0 -2.548 -2.426 0.360 -0.445 1896 3 -0.502 -2.949 0 0 -0.502 -2.949 0.748 -2.626 1896 4 8.500 2.425 0 0 8.500 2.425 7.102 0.101 1896 5 15.333 4.771 0 0 15.333 4.771 12.691 1.202 1896 6 18.796 3.472 0 0 18.796 3.472 15.739 -0.511 1896 7 22.437 3.460 0 0 22.437 3.460 20.053 0.150 1896 8 21.219 1.861 0 0 21.219 1.861 20.378 0.093 1896 9 15.704 -1.029 0 0 15.704 -1.029 16.911 -0.748 1896 10 8.925 -3.298 0 0 8.925 -3.298 11.368 -1.781 1896 11 7.056 -0.817 0 0 7.056 -0.817 10.516 1.718 1896 12 -2.814 -5.380 0 0 -2.814 -5.380 1.337 -2.156 1897 1 -3.047 -3.225 0 0 -3.047 -3.225 0.514 -0.591 1897 2 -2.421 -2.299 0 0 -2.421 -2.299 0.828 0.024 1897 3 1.748 -0.699 0 0 1.748 -0.699 3.405 0.031 1897 4 9.333 3.259 0 0 9.333 3.259 7.258 0.257 1897 5 14.355 3.793 0 0 14.355 3.793 11.745 0.256 1897 6 16.889 1.565 0 0 16.889 1.565 14.562 -1.688 1897 7 22.348 3.370 0 0 22.348 3.370 19.755 -0.148 1897 8 20.378 1.020 1 0 NaN NaN 19.598 -0.686 1897 9 16.556 -0.177 0 0 16.556 -0.177 17.147 -0.512 1897 10 11.254 -0.969 0 0 11.254 -0.969 13.090 -0.059 1897 11 8.444 0.572 1 0 NaN NaN 8.334 -0.465 1897 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.672 0.180 1898 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.243 0.138 1898 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.469 0.665 1898 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.467 2.093 1898 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.583 -1.418 1898 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.620 -0.869 1898 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.567 -0.683 1898 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.752 -0.151 1898 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.181 0.897 1898 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.681 1.022 1898 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.558 0.409 1898 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.036 -0.762