% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 33330 % Primary Name: BOSTON 4 SE % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: VA % Latitude: 38.54580 +/- 0.00005 % Longitude: -78.09810 +/- 0.00005 % Elevation (m): 179.83 +/- 0.15 % # of Months: 182 % % Alternate Names: Missing Station ID - 440860 % % IDs: coop - 440860 % ghcnd - USC00440860 % ncdc - 30000549 % nws - BOSV2 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: 96b6488b27935a272fc51773fc4646a5 % Raw Data Hash: 16e2483d5791ba8bdfc3574ef9a13b53 % Adj Data Hash: 1d359d74da5dbee9f977e3882d01cf0a % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1997 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.174 0.148 1997 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.344 -0.054 1997 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.358 -0.598 1997 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.187 0.454 1998 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.765 3.744 1998 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.885 2.556 1998 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.204 1.093 1998 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.099 1.297 1998 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.758 1.062 1998 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.349 0.422 1998 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.728 0.456 1998 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.583 0.920 1998 9 21.333 2.606 0 0 21.427 2.699 23.955 2.929 1998 10 12.500 0.400 0 0 12.569 0.469 14.945 0.547 1998 11 7.278 0.620 0 0 7.283 0.625 10.122 1.166 1998 12 5.278 3.843 0 0 5.256 3.821 6.777 3.044 1999 1 1.556 1.833 0 0 1.539 1.816 4.694 2.673 1999 2 3.111 2.080 0 0 3.093 2.062 4.839 1.509 1999 3 5.167 -0.646 0 0 5.164 -0.649 7.342 -0.769 1999 4 12.222 0.718 0 0 12.267 0.763 14.752 0.950 1999 5 16.667 0.269 0 0 16.731 0.333 18.746 0.050 1999 6 21.222 0.592 0 0 21.246 0.616 22.788 -0.140 1999 7 24.889 1.915 0 0 24.885 1.912 26.991 1.720 1999 8 23.000 0.635 0 0 23.042 0.677 25.636 0.973 1999 9 18.611 -0.117 0 0 18.705 -0.023 20.971 -0.054 1999 10 11.167 -0.933 0 0 11.236 -0.864 13.509 -0.889 1999 11 10.000 3.342 0 0 10.005 3.348 12.232 3.277 1999 12 3.056 1.620 0 0 3.034 1.599 5.268 1.534 2000 1 -0.333 -0.056 0 0 -0.350 -0.073 1.870 -0.151 2000 2 3.944 2.913 0 0 3.926 2.895 5.441 2.111 2000 3 8.778 2.965 0 0 8.775 2.962 11.060 2.948 2000 4 11.667 0.163 0 0 11.711 0.207 13.980 0.178 2000 5 17.944 1.546 0 0 18.009 1.611 20.129 1.433 2000 6 22.167 1.537 0 0 22.190 1.561 23.868 0.940 2000 7 22.611 -0.362 0 0 22.607 -0.366 23.768 -1.504 2000 8 22.167 -0.198 0 0 22.208 -0.156 24.043 -0.619 2000 9 18.167 -0.561 0 0 18.260 -0.467 20.399 -0.626 2000 10 13.667 1.567 0 0 13.736 1.636 14.915 0.517 2000 11 5.444 -1.213 0 0 5.450 -1.208 7.967 -0.988 2000 12 -2.556 -3.991 0 0 -2.577 -4.012 0.007 -3.726 2001 1 -0.222 0.055 0 0 -0.239 0.038 1.962 -0.059 2001 2 3.778 2.747 0 0 3.760 2.729 5.051 1.722 2001 3 4.556 -1.258 0 0 4.553 -1.260 7.003 -1.108 2001 4 12.778 1.274 0 0 12.822 1.319 15.073 1.271 2001 5 16.056 -0.342 0 0 16.120 -0.278 18.401 -0.295 2001 6 21.222 0.592 0 0 21.246 0.616 23.621 0.693 2001 7 21.556 -1.418 0 0 21.552 -1.422 23.631 -1.640 2001 8 23.611 1.247 0 0 23.653 1.288 25.620 0.957 2001 9 17.611 -1.117 0 0 17.705 -1.023 20.226 -0.800 2001 10 12.167 0.067 0 0 12.236 0.136 14.341 -0.058 2001 11 9.722 3.065 0 0 9.727 3.070 12.484 3.529 2001 12 5.111 3.676 0 0 5.090 3.654 7.251 3.518 2002 1 3.944 4.222 0 0 3.928 4.205 5.137 3.116 2002 2 3.444 2.413 0 0 3.426 2.395 5.483 2.154 2002 3 6.167 0.354 0 0 6.164 0.351 9.507 1.396 2002 4 13.556 2.052 0 0 13.600 2.096 16.341 2.539 2002 5 16.278 -0.120 0 0 16.342 -0.056 18.495 -0.201 2002 6 22.611 1.981 0 0 22.635 2.005 24.347 1.419 2002 7 24.000 1.026 0 0 23.996 1.023 26.639 1.367 2002 8 23.889 1.524 0 0 23.930 1.566 26.451 1.789 2002 9 19.667 0.939 0 0 19.760 1.033 22.492 1.467 2002 10 12.222 0.122 0 0 12.292 0.191 15.246 0.848 2002 11 5.889 -0.769 0 0 5.894 -0.764 8.955 -0.000 2002 12 1.944 0.509 0 0 1.923 0.488 2.860 -0.873 2003 1 -2.222 -1.945 0 0 -2.239 -1.962 0.053 -1.968 2003 2 -0.500 -1.531 0 0 -0.518 -1.549 1.643 -1.686 2003 3 7.056 1.242 0 0 7.053 1.240 9.693 1.582 2003 4 11.278 -0.226 0 0 11.322 -0.181 14.066 0.264 2003 5 15.556 -0.842 0 0 15.620 -0.778 17.455 -1.241 2003 6 19.833 -0.797 0 0 19.857 -0.773 22.312 -0.616 2003 7 23.333 0.360 0 0 23.329 0.356 25.523 0.251 2003 8 23.889 1.524 0 0 23.930 1.566 25.948 1.286 2003 9 18.556 -0.172 0 0 18.649 -0.079 21.553 0.527 2003 10 11.556 -0.545 0 0 11.625 -0.475 13.996 -0.402 2003 11 9.667 3.009 0 0 9.672 3.014 12.467 3.511 2003 12 1.722 0.287 0 0 1.701 0.266 3.786 0.052 2004 1 -2.056 -1.778 0 0 -2.072 -1.795 0.276 -1.745 2004 2 0.778 -0.253 0 0 0.760 -0.271 2.843 -0.486 2004 3 7.444 1.631 0 0 7.442 1.629 9.863 1.752 2004 4 12.056 0.552 0 0 12.100 0.596 14.761 0.959 2004 5 20.111 3.713 0 0 20.176 3.777 22.145 3.449 2004 6 20.889 0.259 0 0 20.913 0.283 23.043 0.116 2004 7 23.000 0.026 0 0 22.996 0.023 25.419 0.148 2004 8 21.556 -0.809 0 0 21.597 -0.767 24.092 -0.570 2004 9 19.611 0.883 0 0 19.705 0.977 21.814 0.788 2004 10 13.389 1.289 0 0 13.458 1.358 14.487 0.089 2004 11 8.500 1.842 0 0 8.505 1.848 11.049 2.093 2004 12 2.444 1.009 0 0 2.423 0.988 4.572 0.839 2005 1 1.278 1.555 0 0 1.261 1.538 3.265 1.245 2005 2 2.611 1.580 0 0 2.593 1.562 4.033 0.704 2005 3 4.111 -1.702 0 0 4.109 -1.705 6.477 -1.634 2005 4 11.667 0.163 0 0 11.711 0.207 14.510 0.708 2005 5 14.111 -2.287 0 0 14.176 -2.223 16.633 -2.063 2005 6 21.889 1.259 0 0 21.913 1.283 23.678 0.750 2005 7 24.778 1.804 0 0 24.774 1.800 26.733 1.462 2005 8 23.889 1.524 0 0 23.930 1.566 26.263 1.601 2005 9 20.500 1.772 0 0 20.594 1.866 23.323 2.297 2005 10 13.556 1.455 0 0 13.625 1.525 15.296 0.898 2005 11 7.833 1.176 0 0 7.839 1.181 11.219 2.264 2005 12 0.111 -1.324 0 0 0.090 -1.346 2.541 -1.192 2006 1 4.056 4.333 0 0 4.039 4.316 6.268 4.247 2006 2 1.611 0.580 0 0 1.593 0.562 3.557 0.228 2006 3 6.889 1.076 0 0 6.886 1.073 8.984 0.873 2006 4 13.000 1.496 0 0 13.045 1.541 15.709 1.908 2006 5 15.278 -1.120 0 0 15.342 -1.056 17.930 -0.766 2006 6 21.889 1.259 0 0 21.913 1.283 23.012 0.084 2006 7 24.389 1.415 0 0 24.385 1.412 26.305 1.034 2006 8 24.222 1.858 0 0 24.264 1.899 26.539 1.877 2006 9 17.167 -1.561 0 0 17.260 -1.467 20.140 -0.885 2006 10 11.167 -0.933 0 0 11.236 -0.864 13.599 -0.799 2006 11 8.611 1.953 0 0 8.616 1.959 10.962 2.006 2006 12 5.000 3.565 0 0 4.979 3.543 7.051 3.318 2007 1 3.222 3.499 0 0 3.205 3.482 5.447 3.426 2007 2 -2.556 -3.587 0 0 -2.574 -3.605 0.261 -3.068 2007 3 7.500 1.687 0 0 7.497 1.684 10.140 2.029 2007 4 10.611 -0.893 0 0 10.656 -0.848 13.449 -0.353 2007 5 17.278 0.880 0 0 17.342 0.944 19.052 0.356 2007 6 22.389 1.759 0 0 22.413 1.783 23.555 0.627 2007 7 22.944 -0.029 0 0 22.941 -0.033 25.219 -0.052 2007 8 23.778 1.413 0 0 23.819 1.455 26.385 1.723 2007 9 19.459 0.731 0 0 19.552 0.824 22.404 1.378 2007 10 15.444 3.344 0 0 15.514 3.414 18.280 3.882 2007 11 6.778 0.120 0 0 6.783 0.125 9.699 0.743 2007 12 3.000 1.565 0 0 2.979 1.543 5.490 1.756 2008 1 1.056 1.333 0 0 1.039 1.316 3.427 1.406 2008 2 2.278 1.247 0 0 2.260 1.229 4.986 1.657 2008 3 6.278 0.465 0 0 6.275 0.462 9.815 1.703 2008 4 12.000 0.496 0 0 12.045 0.541 14.964 1.162 2008 5 14.778 -1.620 0 0 14.842 -1.556 17.728 -0.968 2008 6 22.167 1.537 0 0 22.190 1.561 25.001 2.073 2008 7 22.722 -0.251 0 0 22.718 -0.255 25.636 0.364 2008 8 21.389 -0.976 0 0 21.430 -0.934 24.395 -0.267 2008 9 18.944 0.217 0 0 19.038 0.310 21.974 0.949 2008 10 11.333 -0.767 0 1 11.178 -0.922 13.677 -0.721 2008 11 5.889 -0.769 0 0 5.877 -0.780 8.596 -0.360 2008 12 2.389 0.954 0 0 2.437 1.002 5.487 1.754 2009 1 -2.056 -1.778 0 0 -2.018 -1.741 0.639 -1.382 2009 2 2.389 1.358 0 0 2.429 1.398 4.435 1.106 2009 3 5.667 -0.146 0 0 5.672 -0.141 7.913 -0.199 2009 4 11.722 0.218 0 0 11.622 0.118 14.963 1.161 2009 5 16.556 0.158 0 0 16.411 0.013 19.238 0.542 2009 6 21.111 0.481 0 0 21.058 0.428 23.300 0.372 2009 7 21.667 -1.307 0 0 21.675 -1.298 24.291 -0.981 2009 8 23.451 1.086 1 0 NaN NaN 26.046 1.383 2009 9 18.556 -0.172 0 0 18.346 -0.382 20.752 -0.273 2009 10 12.056 -0.045 0 0 11.900 -0.200 14.108 -0.290 2009 11 8.944 2.287 0 0 8.933 2.275 11.323 2.367 2009 12 0.556 -0.880 0 0 0.604 -0.831 3.000 -0.733 2010 1 -0.167 0.110 0 0 -0.129 0.148 1.278 -0.743 2010 2 -1.111 -2.142 0 0 -1.071 -2.102 0.551 -2.778 2010 3 8.111 2.298 0 0 8.117 2.304 10.210 2.098 2010 4 13.889 2.385 0 0 13.789 2.285 16.471 2.669 2010 5 18.056 1.658 0 0 17.911 1.513 20.338 1.642 2010 6 23.500 2.870 0 0 23.447 2.817 26.055 3.127 2010 7 24.778 1.804 0 0 24.786 1.813 27.397 2.125 2010 8 23.500 1.135 0 0 23.407 1.042 26.076 1.413 2010 9 20.056 1.328 0 0 19.846 1.118 23.316 2.291 2010 10 14.064 1.964 1 0 NaN NaN 15.463 1.065 2010 11 6.944 0.287 0 0 6.933 0.275 9.589 0.633 2010 12 -0.833 -2.269 0 0 -0.785 -2.220 0.109 -3.624 2011 1 -0.722 -0.445 0 0 -0.684 -0.407 0.559 -1.462 2011 2 1.120 0.089 1 0 NaN NaN 5.390 2.061 2011 3 6.142 0.329 0 0 6.148 0.335 8.813 0.702 2011 4 13.222 1.718 0 0 13.122 1.618 16.387 2.585 2011 5 16.833 0.435 0 0 16.689 0.291 19.810 1.114 2011 6 21.688 1.058 1 0 NaN NaN 24.521 1.593 2011 7 25.222 2.249 0 0 25.231 2.257 27.080 1.809 2011 8 23.333 0.969 0 0 23.240 0.876 25.429 0.766 2011 9 19.667 0.939 0 0 19.457 0.729 22.157 1.132 2011 10 11.889 -0.211 0 0 11.733 -0.367 14.221 -0.177 2011 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.484 2.529 2011 12 4.616 3.181 0 0 4.664 3.229 6.920 3.187 2012 1 2.240 2.517 0 0 2.278 2.555 4.768 2.747 2012 2 4.843 3.812 0 0 4.883 3.852 5.863 2.534 2012 3 11.479 5.666 0 0 11.485 5.672 13.946 5.835 2012 4 12.368 0.864 1 0 NaN NaN 14.552 0.751 2012 5 19.182 2.784 0 0 19.038 2.640 20.726 2.030 2012 6 20.281 -0.349 0 0 20.228 -0.402 22.740 -0.187 2012 7 25.354 2.381 0 0 25.363 2.389 27.631 2.359 2012 8 23.113 0.748 0 0 23.020 0.655 25.276 0.614 2012 9 18.657 -0.071 0 0 18.447 -0.281 21.158 0.133 2012 10 13.069 0.969 0 0 12.914 0.814 14.819 0.421 2012 11 5.442 -1.215 0 0 5.431 -1.227 7.458 -1.498 2012 12 4.814 3.379 1 0 NaN NaN 6.864 3.131 2013 1 2.173 2.450 0 0 2.210 2.488 4.060 2.039 2013 2 1.691 0.660 0 0 1.731 0.700 3.067 -0.262 2013 3 4.102 -1.711 0 0 4.107 -1.706 5.806 -2.306 2013 4 12.157 0.653 0 0 12.057 0.553 15.046 1.245 2013 5 16.050 -0.348 0 0 15.906 -0.492 18.371 -0.325 2013 6 22.243 1.614 0 0 22.190 1.560 23.653 0.725 2013 7 24.266 1.293 0 0 24.275 1.301 26.022 0.751 2013 8 21.806 -0.558 0 0 21.713 -0.651 23.601 -1.061 2013 9 17.957 -0.771 0 0 17.747 -0.981 20.498 -0.527 2013 10 13.471 1.371 0 0 13.315 1.215 15.326 0.928 2013 11 10.275 3.617 1 0 NaN NaN NaN NaN