% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 32309 % Primary Name: SANDSTON % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: VA % Latitude: 37.54420 +/- 0.00005 % Longitude: -77.27580 +/- 0.00005 % Elevation (m): 50.29 +/- 0.15 % # of Months: 142 % % Alternate Names: Missing Station ID - 447541 % % IDs: coop - 447541 % ghcnd - USC00447541 % ncdc - 30000785 % nws - SNDV2 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: 3557df7475f7dc1cda722d409d7e9930 % Raw Data Hash: 0028979256feeb7ee139ee42d620a6c3 % Adj Data Hash: e208090f248767012a737cab697967e4 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 2001 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.962 -0.059 2001 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.051 1.722 2001 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.003 -1.108 2001 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.073 1.271 2001 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.401 -0.295 2001 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.621 0.693 2001 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.631 -1.640 2001 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.620 0.957 2001 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.226 -0.800 2001 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.341 -0.058 2001 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.484 3.529 2001 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.251 3.518 2002 1 4.944 3.354 0 0 4.944 3.354 5.137 3.116 2002 2 5.556 2.657 0 0 5.556 2.657 5.483 2.154 2002 3 8.833 1.153 0 0 8.833 1.153 9.507 1.396 2002 4 15.833 2.462 0 0 15.833 2.462 16.341 2.539 2002 5 18.500 0.235 0 0 18.500 0.235 18.495 -0.201 2002 6 24.556 2.059 0 0 24.556 2.059 24.347 1.419 2002 7 26.444 1.604 0 0 26.444 1.604 26.639 1.367 2002 8 26.389 2.157 0 0 26.389 2.157 26.451 1.789 2002 9 21.667 1.072 0 0 21.667 1.072 22.492 1.467 2002 10 15.111 1.144 0 0 15.111 1.144 15.246 0.848 2002 11 7.833 -0.692 0 0 7.833 -0.692 8.955 -0.000 2002 12 2.722 -0.580 0 0 2.722 -0.580 2.860 -0.873 2003 1 0.167 -1.423 0 0 0.167 -1.423 0.053 -1.968 2003 2 1.889 -1.009 0 0 1.889 -1.009 1.643 -1.686 2003 3 9.167 1.486 0 0 9.167 1.486 9.693 1.582 2003 4 13.278 -0.093 0 0 13.278 -0.093 14.066 0.264 2003 5 17.278 -0.987 0 0 17.278 -0.987 17.455 -1.241 2003 6 21.611 -0.886 0 0 21.611 -0.886 22.312 -0.616 2003 7 25.278 0.437 0 0 25.278 0.437 25.523 0.251 2003 8 25.389 1.157 0 0 25.389 1.157 25.948 1.286 2003 9 20.833 0.238 0 0 20.833 0.238 21.553 0.527 2003 10 13.611 -0.356 0 0 13.611 -0.356 13.996 -0.402 2003 11 11.278 2.753 0 0 11.278 2.753 12.467 3.511 2003 12 3.389 0.086 0 0 3.389 0.086 3.786 0.052 2004 1 0.167 -1.423 0 0 0.167 -1.423 0.276 -1.745 2004 2 2.389 -0.509 0 0 2.389 -0.509 2.843 -0.486 2004 3 9.111 1.431 0 0 9.111 1.431 9.863 1.752 2004 4 14.000 0.629 0 0 14.000 0.629 14.761 0.959 2004 5 21.944 3.679 0 0 21.944 3.679 22.145 3.449 2004 6 22.944 0.447 0 0 22.944 0.447 23.043 0.116 2004 7 25.000 0.159 0 0 25.000 0.159 25.419 0.148 2004 8 23.944 -0.287 0 0 23.944 -0.287 24.092 -0.570 2004 9 20.889 0.294 0 0 20.889 0.294 21.814 0.788 2004 10 13.944 -0.023 0 0 13.944 -0.023 14.487 0.089 2004 11 10.111 1.586 0 0 10.111 1.586 11.049 2.093 2004 12 4.000 0.698 0 0 4.000 0.698 4.572 0.839 2005 1 3.000 1.410 0 0 3.000 1.410 3.265 1.245 2005 2 4.222 1.324 0 0 4.222 1.324 4.033 0.704 2005 3 5.611 -2.069 0 0 5.611 -2.069 6.477 -1.634 2005 4 13.389 0.018 0 0 13.389 0.018 14.510 0.708 2005 5 16.389 -1.876 0 0 16.389 -1.876 16.633 -2.063 2005 6 23.556 1.059 0 0 23.556 1.059 23.678 0.750 2005 7 26.778 1.937 0 0 26.778 1.937 26.733 1.462 2005 8 25.889 1.657 0 0 25.889 1.657 26.263 1.601 2005 9 22.889 2.294 0 0 22.889 2.294 23.323 2.297 2005 10 14.778 0.810 0 0 14.778 0.810 15.296 0.898 2005 11 9.667 1.142 0 0 9.667 1.142 11.219 2.264 2005 12 2.111 -1.191 0 0 2.111 -1.191 2.541 -1.192 2006 1 6.111 4.521 0 0 6.111 4.521 6.268 4.247 2006 2 3.333 0.435 0 0 3.333 0.435 3.557 0.228 2006 3 8.389 0.709 0 0 8.389 0.709 8.984 0.873 2006 4 14.833 1.462 0 0 14.833 1.462 15.709 1.908 2006 5 17.833 -0.432 0 0 17.833 -0.432 17.930 -0.766 2006 6 23.667 1.170 0 0 23.667 1.170 23.012 0.084 2006 7 26.389 1.548 0 0 26.389 1.548 26.305 1.034 2006 8 26.000 1.768 0 0 26.000 1.768 26.539 1.877 2006 9 19.333 -1.262 0 0 19.333 -1.262 20.140 -0.885 2006 10 13.056 -0.912 0 0 13.056 -0.912 13.599 -0.799 2006 11 9.833 1.308 0 0 9.833 1.308 10.962 2.006 2006 12 6.722 3.420 0 0 6.722 3.420 7.051 3.318 2007 1 5.389 3.799 0 0 5.389 3.799 5.447 3.426 2007 2 0.389 -2.509 0 0 0.389 -2.509 0.261 -3.068 2007 3 9.389 1.709 0 0 9.389 1.709 10.140 2.029 2007 4 12.833 -0.538 0 0 12.833 -0.538 13.449 -0.353 2007 5 18.778 0.513 0 0 18.778 0.513 19.052 0.356 2007 6 24.056 1.559 0 0 24.056 1.559 23.555 0.627 2007 7 25.167 0.326 0 0 25.167 0.326 25.219 -0.052 2007 8 25.944 1.713 0 0 25.944 1.713 26.385 1.723 2007 9 21.222 0.627 0 0 21.222 0.627 22.404 1.378 2007 10 17.833 3.866 0 0 17.833 3.866 18.280 3.882 2007 11 8.222 -0.303 0 0 8.222 -0.303 9.699 0.743 2007 12 5.556 2.253 0 0 5.556 2.253 5.490 1.756 2008 1 3.556 1.965 0 0 3.556 1.965 3.427 1.406 2008 2 5.167 2.268 0 0 5.167 2.268 4.986 1.657 2008 3 9.167 1.486 0 0 9.167 1.486 9.815 1.703 2008 4 14.167 0.796 0 0 14.167 0.796 14.964 1.162 2008 5 17.333 -0.932 0 0 17.333 -0.932 17.728 -0.968 2008 6 25.389 2.892 0 0 25.389 2.892 25.001 2.073 2008 7 25.778 0.937 0 0 25.778 0.937 25.636 0.364 2008 8 24.444 0.213 0 0 24.444 0.213 24.395 -0.267 2008 9 21.333 0.738 0 0 21.333 0.738 21.974 0.949 2008 10 12.944 -1.023 0 0 12.944 -1.023 13.677 -0.721 2008 11 7.611 -0.914 0 0 7.611 -0.914 8.596 -0.360 2008 12 5.722 2.420 0 0 5.722 2.420 5.487 1.754 2009 1 0.556 -1.035 0 0 0.556 -1.035 0.639 -1.382 2009 2 4.111 1.213 0 0 4.111 1.213 4.435 1.106 2009 3 6.944 -0.736 0 0 6.944 -0.736 7.913 -0.199 2009 4 14.111 0.740 0 0 14.111 0.740 14.963 1.161 2009 5 19.056 0.790 0 0 19.056 0.790 19.238 0.542 2009 6 23.611 1.114 0 0 23.611 1.114 23.300 0.372 2009 7 23.944 -0.896 0 0 23.944 -0.896 24.291 -0.981 2009 8 25.833 1.602 0 0 25.833 1.602 26.046 1.383 2009 9 19.722 -0.873 0 0 19.722 -0.873 20.752 -0.273 2009 10 13.167 -0.801 0 0 13.167 -0.801 14.108 -0.290 2009 11 10.389 1.864 0 0 10.389 1.864 11.323 2.367 2009 12 2.500 -0.802 0 0 2.500 -0.802 3.000 -0.733 2010 1 0.722 -0.868 0 0 0.722 -0.868 1.278 -0.743 2010 2 0.278 -2.620 0 0 0.278 -2.620 0.551 -2.778 2010 3 9.222 1.542 0 0 9.222 1.542 10.210 2.098 2010 4 15.278 1.907 0 0 15.278 1.907 16.471 2.669 2010 5 20.167 1.901 0 0 20.167 1.901 20.338 1.642 2010 6 26.500 4.003 0 0 26.500 4.003 26.055 3.127 2010 7 27.556 2.715 0 0 27.556 2.715 27.397 2.125 2010 8 25.778 1.546 0 0 25.778 1.546 26.076 1.413 2010 9 22.500 1.905 0 0 22.500 1.905 23.316 2.291 2010 10 14.889 0.922 0 0 14.889 0.922 15.463 1.065 2010 11 8.278 -0.247 0 0 8.278 -0.247 9.589 0.633 2010 12 -0.389 -3.691 0 0 -0.389 -3.691 0.109 -3.624 2011 1 0.333 -1.257 0 0 0.333 -1.257 0.559 -1.462 2011 2 5.222 2.324 0 0 5.222 2.324 5.390 2.061 2011 3 8.000 0.320 0 0 8.000 0.320 8.813 0.702 2011 4 15.167 1.796 0 0 15.167 1.796 16.387 2.585 2011 5 19.500 1.235 0 0 19.500 1.235 19.810 1.114 2011 6 24.722 2.225 0 0 24.722 2.225 24.521 1.593 2011 7 26.722 1.881 0 0 26.722 1.881 27.080 1.809 2011 8 25.000 0.768 0 0 25.000 0.768 25.429 0.766 2011 9 21.833 1.238 0 0 21.833 1.238 22.157 1.132 2011 10 14.056 0.088 0 0 14.056 0.088 14.221 -0.177 2011 11 10.222 1.697 0 0 10.222 1.697 11.484 2.529 2011 12 6.482 3.180 0 0 6.482 3.180 6.920 3.187 2012 1 4.281 2.690 0 0 4.281 2.690 4.768 2.747 2012 2 5.527 2.629 0 0 5.527 2.629 5.863 2.534 2012 3 13.176 5.495 0 0 13.176 5.495 13.946 5.835 2012 4 13.143 -0.228 0 0 13.143 -0.228 14.552 0.751 2012 5 20.432 2.167 0 0 20.432 2.167 20.726 2.030 2012 6 22.270 -0.227 0 0 22.270 -0.227 22.740 -0.187 2012 7 27.674 2.833 0 0 27.674 2.833 27.631 2.359 2012 8 25.019 0.788 0 0 25.019 0.788 25.276 0.614 2012 9 20.268 -0.327 0 0 20.268 -0.327 21.158 0.133 2012 10 14.366 0.399 0 0 14.366 0.399 14.819 0.421 2012 11 6.097 -2.428 0 0 6.097 -2.428 7.458 -1.498 2012 12 6.571 3.269 0 0 6.571 3.269 6.864 3.131 2013 1 3.545 1.955 0 0 3.545 1.955 4.060 2.039 2013 2 2.993 0.095 0 0 2.993 0.095 3.067 -0.262 2013 3 4.740 -2.940 0 0 4.740 -2.940 5.806 -2.306 2013 4 13.858 0.487 0 0 13.858 0.487 15.046 1.245 2013 5 18.356 0.091 0 0 18.356 0.091 18.371 -0.325 2013 6 23.805 1.308 0 0 23.805 1.308 23.653 0.725 2013 7 26.213 1.372 0 0 26.213 1.372 26.022 0.751 2013 8 22.965 -1.267 1 0 NaN NaN 23.601 -1.061 2013 9 19.572 -1.023 1 0 NaN NaN 20.498 -0.527 2013 10 12.996 -0.971 1 0 NaN NaN 15.326 0.928