% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 32302 % Primary Name: POWHATAN % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: VA % Latitude: 37.53634 +/- 0.02199 % Longitude: -77.91371 +/- 0.02796 % Elevation (m): 121.90 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 225 % % Alternate Names: POWHATAN 1 E % POWHATAN 5 SW % % IDs: coop - 446906 % ghcnd - USC00446906 % ncdc - 20027086 % nws - PTNV2 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: 3f69c1c422b66b3fc1df7cbd16a2b0dc % Raw Data Hash: 11c7f7e432202b912025595b71eb7667 % Adj Data Hash: 508cdfa976fca82c0a5af28da0b5d322 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1949 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.454 2.056 1949 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.355 0.400 1949 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.056 1.323 1950 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.069 7.048 1950 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.932 0.603 1950 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 6.791 -1.320 1950 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.625 -1.177 1950 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.029 -0.667 1950 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.671 -0.257 1950 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.332 -0.940 1950 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.677 -0.986 1950 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.171 -0.855 1950 10 15.278 1.139 0 0 15.621 1.483 15.508 1.109 1950 11 7.722 -0.974 0 0 8.200 -0.496 8.904 -0.051 1950 12 1.444 -2.029 0 0 2.024 -1.449 1.422 -2.311 1951 1 4.444 2.683 0 0 5.014 3.253 4.231 2.210 1951 2 4.667 1.597 0 0 5.220 2.151 3.948 0.618 1951 3 7.778 -0.074 0 0 8.329 0.478 7.971 -0.140 1951 4 13.278 -0.264 0 0 13.760 0.218 13.695 -0.106 1951 5 17.500 -0.936 0 0 17.913 -0.523 17.901 -0.795 1951 6 22.389 -0.279 0 0 22.870 0.202 22.854 -0.074 1951 7 24.444 -0.567 0 0 25.039 0.027 25.326 0.055 1951 8 23.111 -1.292 0 0 23.656 -0.747 24.305 -0.358 1951 9 20.056 -0.710 0 0 20.434 -0.332 21.206 0.180 1951 10 15.111 0.973 0 0 15.455 1.316 15.856 1.458 1951 11 6.000 -2.696 0 0 6.478 -2.218 7.292 -1.664 1951 12 3.889 0.415 0 0 4.469 0.995 4.794 1.061 1952 1 4.833 3.072 0 0 5.403 3.641 5.107 3.086 1952 2 4.389 1.320 0 0 4.943 1.873 4.520 1.191 1952 3 6.667 -1.185 0 0 7.218 -0.634 7.630 -0.481 1952 4 13.278 -0.264 0 0 13.760 0.218 14.687 0.886 1952 5 17.278 -1.159 0 0 17.691 -0.745 18.339 -0.357 1952 6 24.000 1.332 0 0 24.481 1.813 24.896 1.969 1952 7 24.944 -0.067 0 0 25.539 0.527 26.357 1.085 1952 8 23.056 -1.347 0 0 23.601 -0.802 24.467 -0.196 1952 9 18.556 -2.210 0 0 18.934 -1.832 20.729 -0.297 1952 10 11.111 -3.027 0 0 11.455 -2.684 12.475 -1.923 1952 11 7.556 -1.140 0 0 8.033 -0.662 9.641 0.685 1952 12 2.833 -0.640 0 0 3.413 -0.061 3.348 -0.385 1953 1 5.167 3.405 0 0 5.736 3.975 5.196 3.175 1953 2 5.833 2.764 0 0 6.387 3.318 5.631 2.302 1953 3 7.944 0.093 0 0 8.496 0.644 8.918 0.807 1953 4 13.056 -0.487 0 0 13.538 -0.004 14.149 0.347 1953 5 20.944 2.508 0 0 21.358 2.922 21.389 2.693 1953 6 22.833 0.165 0 0 23.314 0.646 23.301 0.373 1953 7 25.000 -0.012 0 0 25.595 0.583 26.093 0.822 1953 8 24.000 -0.403 0 0 24.545 0.142 24.678 0.015 1953 9 19.944 -0.821 0 0 20.323 -0.443 21.221 0.195 1953 10 14.611 0.473 0 0 14.955 0.816 15.190 0.792 1953 11 8.111 -0.585 0 0 8.589 -0.107 9.131 0.176 1953 12 4.056 0.582 0 0 4.635 1.162 4.850 1.116 1954 1 3.056 1.294 0 0 3.625 1.864 2.792 0.771 1954 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 6.229 2.900 1954 3 -17.778 -25.629 1 0 NaN NaN 8.401 0.290 1954 4 16.611 3.069 0 1 16.297 2.755 16.358 2.556 1954 5 16.722 -1.714 0 0 16.339 -2.097 16.912 -1.784 1954 6 22.889 0.221 0 0 22.573 -0.095 23.068 0.140 1954 7 24.778 -0.234 0 0 24.576 -0.436 25.193 -0.079 1954 8 24.722 0.319 0 0 24.471 0.068 24.613 -0.050 1954 9 22.667 1.901 0 0 22.249 1.483 23.062 2.036 1954 10 16.444 2.306 0 0 15.992 1.853 16.381 1.983 1954 11 7.278 -1.418 0 0 6.959 -1.737 7.737 -1.218 1954 12 2.944 -0.529 0 0 2.728 -0.746 2.631 -1.103 1955 1 2.000 0.239 0 0 1.773 0.012 1.419 -0.602 1955 2 4.611 1.542 0 0 4.368 1.299 3.281 -0.048 1955 3 10.611 2.760 0 0 10.366 2.515 10.049 1.938 1955 4 14.722 1.180 0 0 14.408 0.866 15.844 2.042 1955 5 18.889 0.453 0 0 18.506 0.070 19.285 0.589 1955 6 20.333 -2.335 0 0 20.018 -2.650 20.760 -2.168 1955 7 26.500 1.488 0 0 26.298 1.287 27.008 1.736 1955 8 25.167 0.764 0 0 24.915 0.512 25.751 1.088 1955 9 21.111 0.345 0 0 20.693 -0.073 21.368 0.343 1955 10 14.222 0.084 0 0 13.769 -0.369 14.721 0.322 1955 11 8.444 -0.251 0 0 8.126 -0.570 8.336 -0.619 1955 12 1.667 -1.807 0 0 1.450 -2.024 0.837 -2.896 1956 1 1.944 0.183 0 0 1.717 -0.044 1.215 -0.806 1956 2 6.000 2.931 0 0 5.757 2.688 5.194 1.865 1956 3 7.778 -0.074 0 0 7.533 -0.319 7.649 -0.463 1956 4 12.611 -0.931 0 0 12.297 -1.245 13.047 -0.755 1956 5 18.444 0.008 0 0 18.062 -0.375 18.083 -0.613 1956 6 22.722 0.054 0 0 22.407 -0.262 23.017 0.089 1956 7 25.056 0.044 0 0 24.854 -0.158 24.960 -0.312 1956 8 24.444 0.042 0 0 24.193 -0.210 24.300 -0.363 1956 9 20.000 -0.766 0 0 19.582 -1.184 20.174 -0.851 1956 10 15.611 1.473 0 0 15.158 1.020 15.286 0.888 1956 11 8.167 -0.529 0 0 7.848 -0.848 9.100 0.144 1956 12 9.167 5.693 0 0 8.950 5.476 8.399 4.666 1957 1 2.444 0.683 0 0 2.217 0.456 1.276 -0.745 1957 2 6.222 3.153 0 0 5.980 2.910 5.171 1.842 1957 3 8.389 0.538 0 0 8.144 0.292 8.131 0.020 1957 4 15.833 2.291 0 0 15.519 1.977 16.188 2.386 1957 5 19.444 1.008 0 0 19.062 0.625 19.511 0.815 1957 6 23.833 1.165 0 0 23.518 0.850 24.022 1.094 1957 7 25.333 0.322 0 0 25.132 0.120 25.336 0.065 1957 8 23.333 -1.069 0 0 23.082 -1.321 23.663 -0.999 1957 9 21.556 0.790 0 0 21.138 0.372 22.261 1.235 1957 10 12.556 -1.583 0 0 12.103 -2.036 12.039 -2.359 1957 11 9.389 0.693 0 0 9.070 0.375 10.114 1.158 1957 12 5.722 2.249 0 1 5.624 2.151 5.226 1.493 1958 1 0.389 -1.372 0 0 0.297 -1.464 0.528 -1.493 1958 2 0.444 -2.625 0 0 0.362 -2.707 -0.257 -3.586 1958 3 5.500 -2.351 0 0 5.419 -2.432 5.618 -2.493 1958 4 13.889 0.347 0 0 13.849 0.307 14.116 0.314 1958 5 17.944 -0.492 0 0 17.947 -0.490 18.212 -0.484 1958 6 21.389 -1.279 0 0 21.350 -1.318 21.499 -1.429 1958 7 26.056 1.044 0 0 25.948 0.936 26.232 0.960 1958 8 24.333 -0.069 0 0 24.256 -0.147 24.283 -0.380 1958 9 19.778 -0.988 0 0 19.801 -0.965 20.535 -0.491 1958 10 13.444 -0.694 0 0 13.489 -0.649 14.131 -0.268 1958 11 10.000 1.304 0 0 9.963 1.267 10.797 1.841 1958 12 -0.389 -3.862 0 0 -0.487 -3.961 0.083 -3.650 1959 1 2.333 0.572 0 0 2.241 0.480 1.798 -0.223 1959 2 4.722 1.653 0 0 4.640 1.570 4.012 0.683 1959 3 8.111 0.260 0 0 8.030 0.179 8.260 0.149 1959 4 15.333 1.791 0 0 15.294 1.752 15.380 1.578 1959 5 20.056 1.619 0 0 20.058 1.621 20.354 1.658 1959 6 22.556 -0.113 0 0 22.517 -0.151 23.302 0.374 1959 7 25.111 0.099 0 0 25.004 -0.008 25.190 -0.082 1959 8 25.278 0.875 0 0 25.201 0.798 25.989 1.326 1959 9 21.056 0.290 0 0 21.079 0.313 22.038 1.012 1959 10 15.611 1.473 0 0 15.656 1.517 15.973 1.575 1959 11 8.500 -0.196 0 0 8.463 -0.233 8.938 -0.018 1959 12 4.722 1.249 0 0 4.624 1.151 4.783 1.050 1960 1 3.833 2.072 0 0 3.741 1.980 3.289 1.268 1960 2 3.556 0.486 0 0 3.473 0.404 3.109 -0.221 1960 3 1.167 -6.685 0 0 1.086 -6.766 2.051 -6.060 1960 4 15.889 2.347 0 0 15.849 2.307 16.453 2.651 1960 5 17.500 -0.936 0 0 17.502 -0.934 17.652 -1.044 1960 6 22.389 -0.279 0 0 22.350 -0.318 22.833 -0.094 1960 7 24.611 -0.401 0 0 24.504 -0.508 24.458 -0.814 1960 8 25.389 0.986 0 0 25.312 0.909 25.486 0.823 1960 9 20.833 0.067 0 0 20.857 0.091 21.418 0.392 1960 10 14.556 0.417 0 0 14.600 0.462 14.438 0.040 1960 11 9.333 0.637 0 0 9.297 0.601 9.932 0.977 1960 12 0.667 -2.807 0 0 0.568 -2.905 0.083 -3.651 1961 1 -0.278 -2.039 0 0 -0.370 -2.131 -0.676 -2.697 1961 2 5.167 2.097 0 0 5.084 2.015 4.252 0.923 1961 3 10.000 2.149 0 0 9.919 2.068 9.869 1.758 1961 4 10.722 -2.820 0 0 10.683 -2.859 11.780 -2.022 1961 5 16.444 -1.992 0 0 16.447 -1.990 16.832 -1.864 1961 6 21.722 -0.946 0 0 21.684 -0.984 22.121 -0.807 1961 7 24.667 -0.345 0 0 24.559 -0.452 25.345 0.074 1961 8 24.778 0.375 0 0 24.701 0.298 24.778 0.115 1961 9 -17.778 -38.544 1 0 NaN NaN 23.335 2.309 1961 10 14.000 -0.138 0 0 14.045 -0.094 14.514 0.116 1961 11 9.778 1.082 0 0 9.741 1.045 10.663 1.707 1961 12 3.000 -0.473 0 0 2.902 -0.572 2.582 -1.151 1962 1 2.056 0.294 0 0 1.964 0.202 1.661 -0.360 1962 2 3.833 0.764 0 0 3.751 0.682 2.539 -0.790 1962 3 6.278 -1.574 0 0 6.197 -1.655 6.600 -1.511 1962 4 12.889 -0.653 0 0 12.849 -0.693 13.847 0.045 1962 5 20.167 1.730 0 0 20.169 1.733 20.412 1.716 1962 6 22.000 -0.668 0 0 21.962 -0.707 22.507 -0.421 1962 7 23.167 -1.845 0 0 23.059 -1.952 23.508 -1.763 1962 8 23.222 -1.181 0 0 23.145 -1.258 23.946 -0.717 1962 9 18.500 -2.266 0 0 18.523 -2.243 19.575 -1.450 1962 10 14.778 0.639 0 0 14.822 0.684 15.301 0.903 1962 11 7.611 -1.085 0 0 7.574 -1.121 7.979 -0.976 1962 12 1.556 -1.918 0 0 1.457 -2.016 0.915 -2.818 1963 1 0.944 -0.817 0 0 0.852 -0.909 0.623 -1.398 1963 2 0.444 -2.625 0 0 0.362 -2.707 -0.244 -3.574 1963 3 10.500 2.649 0 0 10.419 2.568 10.435 2.324 1963 4 13.889 0.347 0 0 13.849 0.307 14.883 1.081 1963 5 17.944 -0.492 0 0 17.947 -0.490 17.901 -0.795 1963 6 22.444 -0.224 0 0 22.406 -0.262 22.479 -0.448 1963 7 24.444 -0.567 0 0 24.337 -0.675 24.810 -0.462 1963 8 23.000 -1.403 0 0 22.923 -1.480 24.272 -0.391 1963 9 18.778 -1.988 0 0 18.801 -1.965 19.458 -1.568 1963 10 14.667 0.528 0 0 14.711 0.573 15.081 0.682 1963 11 9.722 1.026 0 0 9.686 0.990 10.553 1.597 1963 12 -0.611 -4.085 0 0 -0.709 -4.183 -0.355 -4.088 1964 1 3.333 1.572 0 0 3.241 1.480 2.981 0.960 1964 2 1.833 -1.236 0 0 1.751 -1.318 2.215 -1.114 1964 3 8.611 0.760 0 0 8.530 0.679 9.053 0.942 1964 4 12.611 -0.931 0 0 12.572 -0.970 13.443 -0.359 1964 5 18.889 0.453 0 0 18.891 0.455 19.282 0.586 1964 6 23.000 0.332 0 0 22.962 0.293 23.312 0.384 1964 7 24.389 -0.623 0 0 24.282 -0.730 25.004 -0.267 1964 8 23.222 -1.181 0 0 23.145 -1.258 23.487 -1.175 1964 9 19.500 -1.266 0 0 19.523 -1.243 20.720 -0.306 1964 10 11.333 -2.805 0 0 11.378 -2.761 12.037 -2.362 1964 11 10.278 1.582 0 0 10.241 1.545 11.199 2.244 1964 12 5.944 2.471 0 0 5.846 2.373 5.466 1.733 1965 1 2.611 0.850 0 0 2.519 0.758 1.953 -0.068 1965 2 4.056 0.986 0 0 3.973 0.904 3.090 -0.239 1965 3 6.500 -1.351 0 0 6.419 -1.432 6.359 -1.752 1965 4 12.778 -0.764 0 0 12.738 -0.804 12.780 -1.022 1965 5 20.722 2.286 0 0 20.724 2.288 20.921 2.225 1965 6 21.944 -0.724 0 0 21.906 -0.762 21.837 -1.091 1965 7 24.333 -0.678 0 0 24.226 -0.786 24.570 -0.702 1965 8 24.778 0.375 0 0 24.701 0.298 24.671 0.009 1965 9 21.111 0.345 0 0 21.135 0.369 22.258 1.232 1965 10 13.056 -1.083 0 0 13.100 -1.038 13.252 -1.146 1965 11 9.278 0.582 0 0 9.241 0.545 9.863 0.907 1965 12 4.778 1.304 0 0 4.680 1.206 4.878 1.145 1966 1 -0.333 -2.095 0 0 -0.425 -2.186 -0.118 -2.139 1966 2 2.833 -0.236 0 0 2.751 -0.318 2.111 -1.218 1966 3 8.167 0.315 0 0 8.086 0.234 8.769 0.658 1966 4 11.778 -1.764 0 0 11.738 -1.804 12.131 -1.671 1966 5 18.500 0.064 0 0 18.502 0.066 17.906 -0.790 1966 6 22.500 -0.168 0 0 22.462 -0.207 22.528 -0.400 1966 7 25.222 0.210 0 0 25.115 0.103 25.651 0.379 1966 8 24.111 -0.292 0 0 24.034 -0.369 24.587 -0.075 1966 9 19.222 -1.544 0 0 19.246 -1.520 20.101 -0.925 1966 10 13.167 -0.972 0 0 13.211 -0.927 13.069 -1.329 1966 11 8.833 0.137 0 0 8.797 0.101 9.615 0.660 1966 12 2.722 -0.751 0 0 2.624 -0.849 2.748 -0.985 1967 1 4.833 3.072 0 0 4.741 2.980 4.618 2.597 1967 2 1.444 -1.625 0 0 1.362 -1.707 1.292 -2.037 1967 3 8.722 0.871 0 0 8.641 0.790 8.182 0.071 1967 4 14.722 1.180 0 0 14.683 1.141 15.041 1.239 1967 5 15.667 -2.770 0 0 15.669 -2.767 15.668 -3.028 1967 6 21.722 -0.946 0 0 21.684 -0.984 22.045 -0.883 1967 7 23.722 -1.290 0 0 23.615 -1.397 24.276 -0.995 1967 8 23.278 -1.125 0 0 23.201 -1.202 23.866 -0.797 1967 9 17.889 -2.877 0 0 17.912 -2.854 18.980 -2.046 1967 10 12.889 -1.250 0 0 12.933 -1.205 13.373 -1.025 1967 11 5.778 -2.918 0 0 5.741 -2.955 7.001 -1.955 1967 12 4.944 1.471 0 0 4.846 1.373 4.530 0.797 1968 1 0.833 -0.928 0 0 0.741 -1.020 -0.089 -2.109 1968 2 0.167 -2.903 0 0 0.084 -2.985 0.072 -3.257 1968 3 10.389 2.538 0 0 10.308 2.457 9.951 1.840 1968 4 13.778 0.236 0 0 13.738 0.196 14.115 0.313 1968 5 16.833 -1.603 0 0 16.836 -1.601 17.094 -1.602 1968 6 22.722 0.054 0 0 22.684 0.016 23.087 0.159 1968 7 25.389 0.377 0 0 25.282 0.270 25.394 0.123 1968 8 25.000 0.597 0 0 24.923 0.520 25.680 1.017 1968 9 20.000 -0.766 0 0 20.023 -0.743 20.929 -0.097 1968 10 15.222 1.084 0 0 15.267 1.128 15.263 0.865 1968 11 10.222 1.526 0 0 10.186 1.490 10.405 1.449 1968 12 2.389 -1.085 0 0 2.291 -1.183 2.336 -1.397 1969 1 0.611 -1.150 0 0 0.519 -1.242 0.684 -1.337 1969 2 3.056 -0.014 0 0 2.973 -0.096 2.173 -1.156 1969 3 5.556 -2.296 0 0 5.475 -2.377 6.025 -2.086 1969 4 14.444 0.902 0 0 14.405 0.863 15.076 1.274 1969 5 18.611 0.175 0 0 18.613 0.177 18.823 0.127 1969 6 23.889 1.221 0 0 23.850 1.182 23.915 0.987 1969 7 25.444 0.433 0 0 25.337 0.325 25.610 0.339 1969 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.882 -0.781 1969 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.460 -0.565 1969 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.115 -0.283 1969 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.411 -0.544 1969 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.864 -1.869 1970 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.255 -3.276 1970 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.696 -0.633 1970 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 6.068 -2.043 1970 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.826 0.024 1970 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.737 1.041 1970 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.314 0.387 1970 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.033 -0.238