% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 32285 % Primary Name: BUCKINGHAM % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United States % State: VA % Latitude: 37.53134 +/- 0.02699 % Longitude: -78.52059 +/- 0.01226 % Elevation (m): 168.20 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 112 % % Alternate Names: BUCKINGHAM 1 E % % IDs: coop - 441136 % ghcnd - USC00441136 % ncdc - 20027103 % nws - BUKV2 % % Sources: US Cooperative Summary of the Day % Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % US Cooperative Summary of the Month % Multi-network Metadata System % % Site Hash: 75022f28510ae574217f091af712a4b0 % Raw Data Hash: ff9846783c5a725d5b5944d1e8c7114c % Adj Data Hash: 48613fad61150b071c5e8a90231c317c % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1893 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.205 -0.977 1893 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.080 0.049 1893 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.928 0.688 1893 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.984 -0.734 1893 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.554 -0.589 1893 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.186 -0.536 1893 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 6.128 -1.107 1893 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.228 0.978 1894 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.865 2.180 1894 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.824 -0.192 1894 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.102 2.345 1894 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.611 -0.769 1894 5 18.951 0.855 1 0 NaN NaN 17.668 0.486 1894 6 24.911 2.966 0 0 24.911 2.966 21.352 0.321 1894 7 25.517 1.362 0 0 25.517 1.362 23.213 -0.028 1894 8 22.778 -0.854 0 0 22.778 -0.854 21.889 -0.828 1894 9 21.111 1.053 0 0 21.111 1.053 20.219 1.076 1894 10 13.817 0.181 0 0 13.817 0.181 12.674 -0.049 1894 11 7.074 -1.075 0 0 7.074 -1.075 5.742 -1.493 1894 12 4.416 1.253 0 0 4.416 1.253 2.636 0.386 1895 1 0.165 -1.434 0 0 0.165 -1.434 -1.504 -2.188 1895 2 -3.803 -6.733 0 0 -3.803 -6.733 -4.723 -6.739 1895 3 6.944 -0.727 1 0 NaN NaN 5.878 -0.879 1895 4 12.370 -0.924 1 0 NaN NaN 11.849 -0.531 1895 5 19.491 1.395 1 0 NaN NaN 15.909 -1.273 1895 6 23.685 1.741 0 0 23.685 1.741 21.901 0.870 1895 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.535 -1.706 1895 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.001 0.284 1895 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.747 2.603 1895 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.734 -2.988 1895 11 8.093 -0.057 0 0 8.093 -0.057 7.741 0.506 1895 12 2.547 -0.617 0 0 2.547 -0.617 2.142 -0.108 1896 1 0.989 -0.610 0 0 0.989 -0.610 0.259 -0.426 1896 2 2.815 -0.115 0 0 2.815 -0.115 1.628 -0.388 1896 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.348 -2.409 1896 4 13.463 0.169 0 0 13.463 0.169 14.553 2.173 1896 5 21.093 2.997 0 0 21.093 2.997 20.148 2.966 1896 6 21.519 -0.426 0 0 21.519 -0.426 20.547 -0.484 1896 7 24.857 0.702 0 0 24.857 0.702 23.178 -0.062 1896 8 24.624 0.992 0 0 24.624 0.992 22.832 0.115 1896 9 19.889 -0.169 0 0 19.889 -0.169 19.071 -0.073 1896 10 12.007 -1.629 0 0 12.007 -1.629 11.248 -1.474 1896 11 9.519 1.369 0 0 9.519 1.369 10.120 2.885 1896 12 1.523 -1.640 0 0 1.523 -1.640 1.627 -0.623 1897 1 -1.037 -2.636 0 0 -1.037 -2.636 -1.130 -1.815 1897 2 3.214 0.284 0 0 3.214 0.284 2.296 0.281 1897 3 9.158 1.486 0 0 9.158 1.486 8.301 1.544 1897 4 12.407 -0.887 0 0 12.407 -0.887 11.859 -0.522 1897 5 16.362 -1.734 0 0 16.362 -1.734 15.272 -1.909 1897 6 21.852 -0.093 0 0 21.852 -0.093 20.890 -0.140 1897 7 24.355 0.200 0 0 24.355 0.200 23.391 0.151 1897 8 23.387 -0.245 0 0 23.387 -0.245 22.119 -0.599 1897 9 20.519 0.461 0 0 20.519 0.461 19.673 0.529 1897 10 14.337 0.701 0 0 14.337 0.701 13.760 1.038 1897 11 7.407 -0.742 0 0 7.407 -0.742 7.644 0.409 1897 12 3.778 0.614 0 0 3.778 0.614 2.796 0.547 1898 1 3.065 1.466 0 0 3.065 1.466 2.432 1.747 1898 2 1.250 -1.680 0 0 1.250 -1.680 0.615 -1.401 1898 3 9.032 1.361 0 0 9.032 1.361 9.178 2.420 1898 4 10.463 -2.831 0 0 10.463 -2.831 9.823 -2.557 1898 5 18.728 0.632 0 0 18.728 0.632 17.830 0.649 1898 6 22.574 0.629 0 0 22.574 0.629 21.263 0.233 1898 7 24.734 0.579 0 0 24.734 0.579 23.602 0.361 1898 8 24.808 1.176 0 0 24.808 1.176 23.236 0.519 1898 9 20.997 0.939 0 0 20.997 0.939 20.216 1.072 1898 10 13.511 -0.125 0 0 13.511 -0.125 12.823 0.101 1898 11 5.955 -2.194 0 0 5.955 -2.194 5.727 -1.509 1898 12 2.308 -0.855 0 0 2.308 -0.855 1.125 -1.124 1899 1 0.631 -0.968 0 0 0.631 -0.968 0.422 -0.263 1899 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -2.976 -4.992 1899 3 2.931 -4.741 0 0 2.931 -4.741 6.305 -0.452 1899 4 9.350 -3.944 0 0 9.350 -3.944 11.777 -0.604 1899 5 18.673 0.577 0 0 18.673 0.577 17.936 0.755 1899 6 23.250 1.305 0 0 23.250 1.305 21.979 0.949 1899 7 23.650 -0.505 0 0 23.650 -0.505 23.278 0.037 1899 8 20.424 -3.207 0 0 20.424 -3.207 23.618 0.901 1899 9 12.672 -7.386 1 0 NaN NaN 18.219 -0.925 1899 10 11.703 -1.933 0 0 11.703 -1.933 13.237 0.515 1899 11 7.242 -0.908 0 0 7.242 -0.908 7.876 0.641 1899 12 0.968 -2.196 0 0 0.968 -2.196 0.738 -1.512 1900 1 2.216 0.617 0 0 2.216 0.617 0.926 0.241 1900 2 1.157 -1.773 0 0 1.157 -1.773 -0.473 -2.489 1900 3 6.234 -1.437 0 0 6.234 -1.437 4.680 -2.077 1900 4 13.250 -0.044 0 0 13.250 -0.044 12.137 -0.244 1900 5 17.915 -0.181 0 0 17.915 -0.181 17.179 -0.003 1900 6 23.067 1.122 0 0 23.067 1.122 21.295 0.265 1900 7 26.089 1.934 0 0 26.089 1.934 23.953 0.712 1900 8 27.029 3.397 0 0 27.029 3.397 25.280 2.562 1900 9 23.288 3.231 0 0 23.288 3.231 22.185 3.041 1900 10 16.424 2.788 0 0 16.424 2.788 15.522 2.800 1900 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.857 1.622 1900 12 2.390 -0.773 0 0 2.390 -0.773 1.973 -0.277 1901 1 -3.426 -5.025 1 0 NaN NaN 1.008 0.323 1901 2 0.448 -2.482 1 0 NaN NaN -1.502 -3.518 1901 3 8.017 0.345 0 0 8.017 0.345 6.967 0.210 1901 4 9.623 -3.671 1 0 NaN NaN 9.435 -2.946 1901 5 18.067 -0.029 0 0 18.067 -0.029 16.557 -0.625 1901 6 23.148 1.204 0 0 23.148 1.204 21.194 0.163 1901 7 26.457 2.302 0 0 26.457 2.302 24.874 1.634 1901 8 23.998 0.367 0 0 23.998 0.367 22.411 -0.307 1901 9 20.229 0.171 1 0 NaN NaN 18.341 -0.803 1901 10 15.085 1.448 1 0 NaN NaN 12.405 -0.317 1901 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.003 -3.232 1901 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.055 -2.304 1902 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -0.768 -1.453 1902 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -2.285 -4.301 1902 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.278 0.521 1902 4 13.450 0.156 0 0 13.450 0.156 11.066 -1.314 1902 5 17.440 -0.655 0 0 17.440 -0.655 18.618 1.436 1902 6 19.821 -2.124 1 0 NaN NaN 20.529 -0.501 1902 7 15.107 -9.048 1 0 NaN NaN 23.891 0.651 1902 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.868 -0.850 1902 9 14.167 -5.891 1 0 NaN NaN 18.292 -0.852 1902 10 6.322 -7.315 1 0 NaN NaN 13.394 0.671 1902 11 12.013 3.864 0 0 12.013 3.864 10.821 3.585 1902 12 3.918 0.755 0 0 3.918 0.755 1.397 -0.852 1903 1 2.495 0.896 0 0 2.495 0.896 0.083 -0.602 1903 2 4.171 1.241 0 0 4.171 1.241 2.613 0.597 1903 3 11.050 3.379 0 0 11.050 3.379 10.572 3.814 1903 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.728 -0.652 1903 5 18.641 0.545 0 0 18.641 0.545 17.547 0.365 1903 6 20.350 -1.594 0 0 20.350 -1.594 18.390 -2.641 1903 7 24.965 0.810 0 0 24.965 0.810 23.132 -0.109 1903 8 23.284 -0.348 0 0 23.284 -0.348 22.172 -0.546 1903 9 18.950 -1.108 0 0 18.950 -1.108 18.565 -0.579 1903 10 13.457 -0.180 0 0 13.457 -0.180 12.537 -0.186 1903 11 3.712 -4.437 1 0 NaN NaN 5.026 -2.209 1903 12 -0.327 -3.490 0 0 -0.327 -3.490 -1.472 -3.722 1904 1 0.355 -1.243 0 0 0.355 -1.243 -1.925 -2.610 1904 2 1.653 -1.276 0 0 1.653 -1.276 -1.762 -3.778 1904 3 9.138 1.467 1 0 NaN NaN 7.001 0.244 1904 4 12.438 -0.856 1 0 NaN NaN 9.875 -2.506 1904 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.654 -0.527 1904 6 23.558 1.613 0 0 23.558 1.613 20.638 -0.393 1904 7 23.677 -0.477 0 0 23.677 -0.477 22.151 -1.089 1904 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.817 -0.900 1904 9 19.730 -0.328 0 0 19.730 -0.328 19.165 0.022 1904 10 12.376 -1.260 1 0 NaN NaN 11.858 -0.865 1904 11 5.932 -2.218 0 0 5.932 -2.218 5.865 -1.371 1904 12 1.061 -2.102 0 0 1.061 -2.102 0.015 -2.235 1905 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -1.506 -2.191 1905 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN -3.517 -5.532 1905 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.433 1.676 1905 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.467 0.087 1905 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.312 1.130 1905 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.474 0.444 1905 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.024 -0.217 1905 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.827 -0.890 1905 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.477 0.333 1905 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.362 -0.360 1905 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 6.502 -0.733 1905 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.676 -0.574