% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 24918 % Primary Name: BENSON (AUT) % Record Type: TAVG % Country: United Kingdom % Latitude: 51.61700 +/- 0.00050 % Longitude: -1.10000 +/- 0.00050 % Elevation (m): 57.00 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 108 % % IDs: gsod - 036570-99999 % usaf - 36570 % % Sources: Global Summary of the Day % % Site Hash: a56f583dd303bdb27cc16bdcf288d21d % Raw Data Hash: 9ce593857983c37735011935d7803952 % Adj Data Hash: 0ce7d99745a9cbdffc6e3879ace9ca9a % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1983 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.547 3.039 1983 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.603 1.322 1983 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.193 0.156 1983 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.838 0.340 1983 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.314 0.889 1983 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.455 1.095 1984 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 3.403 0.111 1984 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.933 -0.724 1984 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.718 -0.967 1984 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.654 -0.351 1984 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.703 -1.906 1984 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.803 0.053 1984 7 17.357 0.897 1 0 NaN NaN 16.699 0.192 1984 8 18.077 1.843 0 0 18.077 1.843 17.727 1.446 1984 9 13.935 -0.054 0 0 13.935 -0.054 13.726 -0.312 1984 10 11.728 1.277 0 0 11.728 1.277 11.782 1.284 1984 11 8.561 2.184 0 0 8.561 2.184 8.388 1.963 1984 12 4.889 0.576 0 0 4.889 0.576 5.382 1.022 1985 1 0.823 -2.421 0 0 0.823 -2.421 0.486 -2.806 1985 2 3.450 -0.159 1 0 NaN NaN 1.429 -2.228 1985 3 4.642 -0.995 0 0 4.642 -0.995 4.604 -1.080 1985 4 8.478 0.520 0 0 8.478 0.520 8.421 0.416 1985 5 11.081 -0.481 0 0 11.081 -0.481 11.007 -0.602 1985 6 12.765 -1.937 0 0 12.765 -1.937 12.862 -1.887 1985 7 16.550 0.090 0 0 16.550 0.090 16.718 0.210 1985 8 14.858 -1.375 0 0 14.858 -1.375 14.958 -1.324 1985 9 14.624 0.635 0 0 14.624 0.635 14.894 0.856 1985 10 10.625 0.175 0 0 10.625 0.175 11.491 0.993 1985 11 4.476 -1.901 0 0 4.476 -1.901 3.951 -2.474 1985 12 7.459 3.146 0 0 7.459 3.146 7.122 2.762 1986 1 4.007 0.763 0 0 4.007 0.763 3.333 0.041 1986 2 -0.720 -4.329 0 0 -0.720 -4.329 -1.667 -5.323 1986 3 5.461 -0.176 0 0 5.461 -0.176 5.124 -0.560 1986 4 5.824 -2.133 0 0 5.824 -2.133 5.799 -2.206 1986 5 11.047 -0.515 0 0 11.047 -0.515 11.685 0.076 1986 6 15.057 0.356 0 0 15.057 0.356 15.049 0.299 1986 7 16.235 -0.225 0 0 16.235 -0.225 16.703 0.196 1986 8 13.912 -2.322 0 0 13.912 -2.322 14.284 -1.998 1986 9 10.624 -3.365 0 0 10.624 -3.365 11.620 -2.417 1986 10 11.116 0.666 0 0 11.116 0.666 11.441 0.943 1986 11 7.911 1.534 0 0 7.911 1.534 7.675 1.250 1986 12 6.276 1.963 0 0 6.276 1.963 6.108 1.748 1987 1 1.611 -1.633 0 0 1.611 -1.633 0.250 -3.042 1987 2 4.468 0.859 0 0 4.468 0.859 3.277 -0.379 1987 3 4.199 -1.438 0 0 4.199 -1.438 3.997 -1.687 1987 4 10.181 2.224 0 0 10.181 2.224 10.137 2.132 1987 5 9.796 -1.766 0 0 9.796 -1.766 10.177 -1.432 1987 6 13.076 -1.626 0 0 13.076 -1.626 13.377 -1.373 1987 7 16.016 -0.444 0 0 16.016 -0.444 16.236 -0.272 1987 8 15.980 -0.254 0 0 15.980 -0.254 15.985 -0.297 1987 9 13.778 -0.212 0 0 13.778 -0.212 14.112 0.075 1987 10 9.957 -0.493 0 0 9.957 -0.493 10.342 -0.156 1987 11 6.491 0.113 0 0 6.491 0.113 6.434 0.009 1987 12 6.523 2.210 0 0 6.523 2.210 6.143 1.783 1988 1 5.735 2.490 0 0 5.735 2.490 4.999 1.707 1988 2 4.799 1.190 0 0 4.799 1.190 4.144 0.488 1988 3 6.594 0.958 0 0 6.594 0.958 6.173 0.488 1988 4 8.030 0.072 0 0 8.030 0.072 8.050 0.045 1988 5 11.763 0.201 0 0 11.763 0.201 12.195 0.586 1988 6 14.193 -0.509 0 0 14.193 -0.509 14.123 -0.626 1988 7 14.771 -1.690 0 0 14.771 -1.690 15.158 -1.349 1988 8 15.400 -0.834 0 0 15.400 -0.834 15.879 -0.403 1988 9 13.450 -0.540 0 0 13.450 -0.540 13.709 -0.328 1988 10 10.715 0.265 0 0 10.715 0.265 11.112 0.614 1988 11 5.069 -1.309 0 0 5.069 -1.309 5.133 -1.292 1988 12 7.599 3.286 0 0 7.599 3.286 7.158 2.798 1989 1 6.065 2.820 0 0 6.065 2.820 5.507 2.215 1989 2 6.157 2.548 0 0 6.157 2.548 5.313 1.657 1989 3 7.866 2.229 0 0 7.866 2.229 7.814 2.130 1989 4 6.478 -1.480 0 0 6.478 -1.480 6.353 -1.652 1989 5 13.502 1.940 0 0 13.502 1.940 13.522 1.913 1989 6 15.148 0.447 0 0 15.148 0.447 15.198 0.449 1989 7 18.468 2.008 0 0 18.468 2.008 18.386 1.878 1989 8 16.681 0.447 0 0 16.681 0.447 17.295 1.013 1989 9 15.326 1.336 0 0 15.326 1.336 15.580 1.543 1989 10 12.000 1.550 0 0 12.000 1.550 12.449 1.951 1989 11 5.856 -0.522 0 0 5.856 -0.522 6.045 -0.380 1989 12 5.654 1.342 0 0 5.654 1.342 5.584 1.223 1990 1 7.032 3.788 0 0 7.032 3.788 6.495 3.203 1990 2 7.901 4.292 0 0 7.901 4.292 7.186 3.530 1990 3 8.154 2.517 0 0 8.154 2.517 8.423 2.739 1990 4 7.772 -0.185 0 0 7.772 -0.185 8.125 0.120 1990 5 12.869 1.308 0 0 12.869 1.308 13.236 1.627 1990 6 13.965 -0.737 0 0 13.965 -0.737 14.163 -0.586 1990 7 16.991 0.531 0 0 16.991 0.531 17.170 0.662 1990 8 18.224 1.990 0 0 18.224 1.990 18.818 2.536 1990 9 13.074 -0.915 0 0 13.074 -0.915 13.560 -0.478 1990 10 12.159 1.709 0 0 12.159 1.709 12.521 2.023 1990 11 7.046 0.669 0 0 7.046 0.669 6.970 0.545 1990 12 4.303 -0.010 0 0 4.303 -0.010 4.570 0.209 1991 1 3.651 0.406 0 0 3.651 0.406 3.395 0.103 1991 2 2.742 -0.867 0 0 2.742 -0.867 1.239 -2.417 1991 3 7.955 2.318 0 0 7.955 2.318 8.110 2.425 1991 4 9.069 1.112 1 0 NaN NaN 7.732 -0.273 1991 5 10.444 -1.117 0 0 10.444 -1.117 10.757 -0.852 1991 6 12.372 -2.329 0 0 12.372 -2.329 12.620 -2.129 1991 7 17.672 1.212 1 0 NaN NaN 17.597 1.089 1991 8 17.263 1.030 0 0 17.263 1.030 17.801 1.519 1991 9 13.937 -0.052 1 0 NaN NaN 14.952 0.915 1991 10 10.240 -0.210 0 0 10.240 -0.210 10.599 0.101 1991 11 6.521 0.143 0 0 6.521 0.143 6.655 0.230 1991 12 4.626 0.314 0 0 4.626 0.314 4.473 0.113 1992 1 3.507 0.263 0 0 3.507 0.263 3.617 0.325 1992 2 5.520 1.911 0 0 5.520 1.911 5.075 1.419 1992 3 7.398 1.761 0 0 7.398 1.761 7.491 1.807 1992 4 8.304 0.346 0 0 8.304 0.346 8.621 0.616 1992 5 12.532 0.971 0 0 12.532 0.971 14.088 2.479 1992 6 15.549 0.847 0 0 15.549 0.847 16.182 1.433 1992 7 16.482 0.022 0 0 16.482 0.022 17.003 0.496 1992 8 15.790 -0.444 0 0 15.790 -0.444 16.207 -0.074 1992 9 13.465 -0.525 0 0 13.465 -0.525 13.778 -0.259 1992 10 7.303 -3.148 0 0 7.303 -3.148 8.124 -2.374 1992 11 7.698 1.321 0 0 7.698 1.321 7.508 1.083 1992 12 3.653 -0.659 0 0 3.653 -0.659 4.036 -0.324 1993 1 7.314 4.070 1 0 NaN NaN 5.691 2.400 1993 2 4.142 0.533 0 0 4.142 0.533 3.954 0.297 1993 3 6.606 0.969 0 0 6.606 0.969 6.618 0.934 1993 4 9.248 1.291 0 0 9.248 1.291 9.221 1.216 1993 5 11.713 0.151 0 0 11.713 0.151 11.935 0.326 1993 6 15.116 0.414 0 0 15.116 0.414 15.531 0.782 1993 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.733 -0.774 1993 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.109 -1.173 1993 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.785 -1.252 1993 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.043 -1.455 1993 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 4.696 -1.729 1993 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.662 1.302 1994 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 5.053 1.761 1994 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.925 -0.731 1994 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.887 2.203 1994 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.964 -0.041 1994 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.029 -0.581 1994 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.426 0.677