% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 22773 % Primary Name: LEPHALALE % Record Type: TAVG % Country: South Africa % Latitude: -23.68168 +/- 0.00182 % Longitude: 27.70000 +/- 0.00050 % Elevation (m): 839.00 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 183 % % IDs: gsod - 681550-99999 % icao - FAER % usaf - 681550 % wmo - 68155 % % Sources: Global Summary of the Day % World Meteorological Organization Metadata % % Site Hash: c9a123dc87e53ef794376f934eddd677 % Raw Data Hash: 6daf61d8b293465e9cde39a45673b2c8 % Adj Data Hash: 01537fd68983236aadc754f2dadcb788 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1996 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.948 1.740 1996 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.841 -0.182 1996 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.528 0.187 1997 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.493 -0.261 1997 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.353 0.080 1997 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.299 -0.620 1997 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.732 -1.164 1997 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.598 -0.580 1997 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.742 0.948 1997 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.703 0.796 1997 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.334 1.375 1997 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.069 0.742 1997 10 25.241 1.160 1 0 NaN NaN 23.856 -0.352 1997 11 25.498 0.601 0 0 25.760 0.863 25.743 0.719 1997 12 26.677 1.463 0 0 26.935 1.721 27.042 1.702 1998 1 26.324 0.697 0 0 26.606 0.979 26.117 0.363 1998 2 26.891 1.744 0 0 27.204 2.057 26.683 1.410 1998 3 26.618 2.826 0 0 26.908 3.116 27.022 3.103 1998 4 23.439 2.670 0 0 23.607 2.838 23.888 2.992 1998 5 18.557 1.506 0 0 18.539 1.488 18.467 1.289 1998 6 15.426 1.758 0 0 15.281 1.614 15.211 1.417 1998 7 15.367 1.588 0 0 15.255 1.476 15.253 1.347 1998 8 17.265 0.433 0 0 17.310 0.478 17.267 0.309 1998 9 21.507 0.307 0 0 21.706 0.506 22.316 0.989 1998 10 23.524 -0.557 0 0 23.788 -0.293 24.392 0.184 1998 11 24.907 0.011 0 0 25.169 0.273 25.252 0.228 1998 12 23.802 -1.412 0 0 24.059 -1.155 24.377 -0.963 1999 1 25.206 -0.422 0 0 25.487 -0.140 25.960 0.206 1999 2 25.111 -0.035 0 0 25.424 0.277 26.016 0.743 1999 3 24.389 0.597 0 0 24.679 0.887 25.167 1.249 1999 4 22.050 1.281 0 0 22.218 1.449 22.687 1.791 1999 5 18.565 1.513 0 0 18.547 1.495 19.220 2.042 1999 6 15.096 1.429 0 0 14.952 1.284 15.493 1.699 1999 7 15.477 1.697 0 0 15.365 1.585 15.980 2.074 1999 8 17.851 1.020 0 0 17.896 1.065 18.098 1.140 1999 9 20.032 -1.169 0 0 20.231 -0.970 20.996 -0.331 1999 10 22.737 -1.345 0 0 23.001 -1.081 23.942 -0.266 1999 11 25.246 0.350 0 0 25.508 0.612 26.266 1.242 1999 12 25.715 0.501 0 0 25.972 0.758 25.501 0.160 2000 1 24.082 -1.545 0 0 24.364 -1.263 23.876 -1.878 2000 2 26.420 1.274 1 0 NaN NaN 24.000 -1.273 2000 3 23.365 -0.427 1 0 NaN NaN 23.802 -0.117 2000 4 19.667 -1.103 0 0 19.835 -0.935 20.022 -0.874 2000 5 15.966 -1.086 0 0 15.948 -1.103 15.952 -1.226 2000 6 15.520 1.853 0 0 15.376 1.708 14.941 1.147 2000 7 14.133 0.354 0 0 14.021 0.242 13.597 -0.310 2000 8 17.118 0.287 0 0 17.163 0.332 17.147 0.188 2000 9 20.885 -0.315 0 0 21.084 -0.116 21.787 0.460 2000 10 23.728 -0.354 0 0 23.992 -0.090 24.591 0.383 2000 11 24.311 -0.586 0 0 24.573 -0.324 24.415 -0.608 2000 12 26.002 0.788 0 0 26.259 1.045 25.787 0.446 2001 1 26.554 0.926 0 0 26.836 1.208 27.317 1.563 2001 2 24.530 -0.617 0 0 24.842 -0.304 24.895 -0.379 2001 3 23.344 -0.448 0 0 23.635 -0.157 23.494 -0.425 2001 4 21.278 0.508 0 0 21.446 0.677 21.621 0.725 2001 5 17.088 0.036 0 0 17.070 0.018 17.198 0.020 2001 6 14.619 0.952 0 0 14.475 0.807 14.269 0.475 2001 7 13.711 -0.069 0 0 13.599 -0.181 13.935 0.028 2001 8 18.993 2.161 0 0 19.038 2.207 18.766 1.808 2001 9 20.637 -0.563 1 0 NaN NaN 21.503 0.176 2001 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.702 0.494 2001 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.728 -1.296 2001 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.008 -0.333 2002 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 26.976 1.222 2002 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 26.295 1.022 2002 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.783 1.864 2002 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.722 1.826 2002 5 18.399 1.347 1 0 NaN NaN 18.569 1.391 2002 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.861 0.066 2002 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.818 0.911 2002 8 15.232 -1.600 1 0 NaN NaN 18.631 1.672 2002 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.849 -0.478 2002 10 28.996 4.914 1 0 NaN NaN 24.356 0.148 2002 11 31.087 6.191 1 0 NaN NaN 25.476 0.453 2002 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.948 0.607 2003 1 28.482 2.855 1 0 NaN NaN 27.856 2.102 2003 2 25.955 0.809 1 0 NaN NaN 27.353 2.080 2003 3 25.152 1.360 1 0 NaN NaN 25.632 1.713 2003 4 24.350 3.581 0 2 24.686 3.916 23.799 2.903 2003 5 18.743 1.691 1 0 NaN NaN 18.517 1.339 2003 6 16.806 3.139 1 0 NaN NaN 14.573 0.779 2003 7 14.314 0.534 0 0 14.981 1.201 14.505 0.598 2003 8 17.484 0.653 0 0 17.965 1.134 17.180 0.222 2003 9 21.960 0.759 0 0 22.259 1.059 22.126 0.799 2003 10 25.335 1.254 0 0 25.557 1.476 25.544 1.336 2003 11 27.066 2.169 0 0 27.290 2.394 26.376 1.353 2003 12 28.226 3.012 0 0 28.457 3.243 27.601 2.260 2004 1 26.448 0.821 0 0 26.649 1.022 26.494 0.740 2004 2 24.569 -0.578 0 0 24.734 -0.413 24.681 -0.593 2004 3 23.243 -0.549 0 0 23.434 -0.358 22.810 -1.109 2004 4 20.956 0.187 0 0 21.292 0.523 21.048 0.152 2004 5 17.028 -0.024 0 0 17.583 0.532 17.456 0.277 2004 6 13.490 -0.178 0 0 14.195 0.527 13.993 0.199 2004 7 12.383 -1.397 0 0 13.049 -0.730 13.735 -0.171 2004 8 16.913 0.081 0 0 17.394 0.562 17.926 0.968 2004 9 20.516 -0.684 0 0 20.816 -0.385 20.824 -0.503 2004 10 24.376 0.294 0 0 24.597 0.516 24.631 0.423 2004 11 27.337 2.441 0 0 27.562 2.665 27.532 2.509 2004 12 24.920 -0.294 0 0 25.150 -0.064 25.505 0.164 2005 1 26.819 1.191 0 0 27.020 1.392 26.899 1.145 2005 2 26.581 1.435 0 0 26.746 1.599 26.469 1.196 2005 3 24.700 0.908 0 0 24.891 1.099 24.599 0.680 2005 4 21.487 0.718 0 0 21.823 1.053 21.329 0.433 2005 5 18.648 1.596 0 0 19.203 2.151 19.126 1.948 2005 6 15.697 2.030 0 0 16.402 2.735 16.522 2.728 2005 7 13.847 0.068 0 0 14.514 0.734 15.011 1.105 2005 8 19.176 2.344 0 0 19.657 2.825 19.895 2.937 2005 9 23.430 2.229 0 0 23.729 2.529 23.723 2.396 2005 10 25.481 1.400 0 0 25.703 1.622 26.326 2.118 2005 11 25.669 0.772 0 0 25.893 0.997 26.290 1.267 2005 12 24.071 -1.143 0 0 24.302 -0.912 24.267 -1.073 2006 1 25.029 -0.598 0 0 25.230 -0.397 24.923 -0.831 2006 2 24.547 -0.599 0 0 24.712 -0.435 24.456 -0.817 2006 3 21.317 -2.475 0 0 21.508 -2.284 21.840 -2.078 2006 4 19.656 -1.114 0 0 19.991 -0.778 20.243 -0.653 2006 5 14.533 -2.518 0 0 15.089 -1.963 15.970 -1.208 2006 6 13.492 -0.175 0 0 14.197 0.530 14.108 0.314 2006 7 14.213 0.434 0 0 14.880 1.100 15.481 1.575 2006 8 15.828 -1.004 0 0 16.309 -0.523 16.482 -0.476 2006 9 20.352 -0.848 0 0 20.652 -0.549 20.819 -0.508 2006 10 25.287 1.206 0 0 25.509 1.428 25.709 1.501 2006 11 24.423 -0.474 0 0 24.647 -0.250 24.965 -0.059 2006 12 26.655 1.441 0 0 26.885 1.671 26.790 1.450 2007 1 25.293 -0.334 0 0 25.494 -0.133 25.797 0.043 2007 2 26.763 1.616 0 0 26.927 1.781 26.890 1.617 2007 3 24.813 1.021 0 0 25.004 1.212 25.891 1.972 2007 4 19.989 -0.780 0 0 20.325 -0.444 21.391 0.495 2007 5 15.466 -1.586 0 0 16.021 -1.031 17.062 -0.116 2007 6 13.301 -0.367 0 0 14.006 0.338 14.526 0.731 2007 7 12.036 -1.744 0 0 12.703 -1.077 13.797 -0.109 2007 8 16.414 -0.418 0 0 16.895 0.063 17.114 0.156 2007 9 22.638 1.438 0 0 22.937 1.737 23.564 2.237 2007 10 21.720 -2.361 0 0 21.942 -2.139 22.512 -1.696 2007 11 22.850 -2.047 0 0 23.074 -1.822 24.389 -0.634 2007 12 22.298 -2.916 0 0 22.529 -2.685 22.826 -2.515 2008 1 23.895 -1.733 0 0 24.096 -1.531 23.860 -1.894 2008 2 25.579 0.433 0 0 25.744 0.597 25.083 -0.191 2008 3 23.285 -0.507 0 0 23.476 -0.316 23.426 -0.492 2008 4 19.665 -1.105 0 0 20.000 -0.769 20.036 -0.860 2008 5 17.831 0.780 0 0 18.387 1.335 18.400 1.222 2008 6 14.467 0.800 0 0 15.172 1.505 15.026 1.231 2008 7 14.033 0.254 0 0 14.700 0.920 14.795 0.889 2008 8 18.072 1.241 0 0 18.553 1.721 18.394 1.436 2008 9 21.247 0.047 0 0 21.546 0.346 21.876 0.549 2008 10 25.404 1.323 0 0 25.626 1.545 26.223 2.015 2008 11 25.008 0.111 0 0 25.232 0.335 25.315 0.292 2008 12 25.800 0.586 0 0 26.030 0.816 26.108 0.768 2009 1 24.937 -0.690 0 0 25.138 -0.489 25.418 -0.336 2009 2 24.062 -1.085 0 0 24.226 -0.920 24.197 -1.076 2009 3 21.861 -1.931 0 0 22.052 -1.740 22.400 -1.518 2009 4 19.987 -0.783 0 0 20.322 -0.447 20.591 -0.305 2009 5 16.659 -0.392 0 0 17.215 0.163 17.795 0.617 2009 6 14.159 0.492 0 0 14.864 1.197 15.021 1.227 2009 7 12.242 -1.538 0 0 12.909 -0.871 13.055 -0.852 2009 8 15.976 -0.856 0 0 16.457 -0.375 16.677 -0.281 2009 9 21.931 0.731 0 0 22.231 1.030 22.636 1.309 2009 10 24.548 0.466 0 0 24.770 0.688 24.831 0.623 2009 11 26.016 1.120 0 4 25.403 0.507 24.291 -0.732 2009 12 28.320 3.106 0 0 27.702 2.488 26.535 1.194 2010 1 28.542 2.915 0 0 27.949 2.321 26.246 0.493 2010 2 28.899 3.752 0 0 28.336 3.190 26.208 0.934 2010 3 29.047 5.255 1 0 NaN NaN 25.538 1.619 2010 4 23.280 2.511 0 0 22.573 1.804 21.032 0.136 2010 5 20.327 3.275 0 0 19.434 2.382 18.877 1.699 2010 6 14.260 0.592 0 0 13.240 -0.427 13.525 -0.269 2010 7 15.907 2.127 0 0 14.920 1.140 14.836 0.930 2010 8 18.143 1.312 0 0 17.313 0.482 17.330 0.372 2010 9 22.924 1.724 0 0 22.248 1.047 22.616 1.289 2010 10 26.900 2.818 0 0 26.289 2.207 26.573 2.365 2010 11 25.313 0.416 0 0 24.700 -0.197 25.166 0.143 2010 12 25.315 0.101 0 0 24.697 -0.517 25.364 0.023 2011 1 24.694 -0.933 0 0 24.101 -1.526 24.237 -1.517 2011 2 25.103 -0.043 0 0 24.541 -0.606 24.514 -0.759 2011 3 26.084 2.292 0 0 25.499 1.707 25.369 1.451 2011 4 21.394 0.625 0 0 20.687 -0.082 20.787 -0.109 2011 5 19.067 2.016 0 0 18.174 1.122 17.856 0.678 2011 6 14.420 0.753 0 0 13.401 -0.267 14.047 0.253 2011 7 13.573 -0.206 0 0 12.586 -1.194 13.077 -0.829 2011 8 16.961 0.129 0 0 16.131 -0.701 16.243 -0.715 2011 9 23.181 1.981 0 0 22.505 1.305 22.650 1.323 2011 10 24.937 0.856 0 0 24.326 0.245 24.400 0.192 2011 11 26.280 1.383 0 0 25.666 0.770 26.274 1.250 2011 12 25.283 0.069 0 0 24.665 -0.549 24.892 -0.449 2012 1 26.502 0.874 0 0 25.908 0.281 26.118 0.364 2012 2 27.488 2.342 0 0 26.926 1.779 26.932 1.659 2012 3 26.362 2.570 0 0 25.777 1.985 25.385 1.466 2012 4 21.731 0.962 0 0 21.024 0.255 20.998 0.102 2012 5 19.201 2.149 0 0 18.308 1.256 18.690 1.512 2012 6 15.885 2.218 0 0 14.866 1.198 14.748 0.954 2012 7 16.199 2.419 0 0 15.212 1.432 15.258 1.351 2012 8 18.927 2.095 0 0 18.096 1.265 18.439 1.481 2012 9 22.131 0.931 0 0 21.455 0.255 22.113 0.786 2012 10 24.206 0.124 0 0 23.595 -0.487 24.529 0.321 2012 11 25.541 0.644 0 0 24.928 0.031 25.813 0.789 2012 12 25.204 -0.010 0 0 24.586 -0.628 25.063 -0.277 2013 1 26.059 0.432 0 0 25.466 -0.162 25.475 -0.279 2013 2 26.458 1.312 0 0 25.896 0.749 26.162 0.889 2013 3 24.303 0.511 0 0 23.718 -0.074 24.664 0.745 2013 4 20.856 0.086 0 0 20.148 -0.621 20.909 0.013 2013 5 17.315 0.264 0 0 16.422 -0.629 17.636 0.458 2013 6 15.241 1.573 0 0 14.221 0.554 15.521 1.727 2013 7 16.161 2.382 0 0 15.174 1.394 15.425 1.518 2013 8 18.052 1.220 0 0 17.222 0.390 17.634 0.675 2013 9 24.106 2.905 0 0 23.429 2.229 23.280 1.953 2013 10 24.538 0.456 0 0 23.927 -0.155 24.736 0.528 2013 11 26.006 1.110 1 0 NaN NaN NaN NaN