% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 22766 % Primary Name: CUMBERLAND % Record Type: TAVG % Country: South Africa % Latitude: -23.96700 +/- 0.00050 % Longitude: 26.91700 +/- 0.00050 % Elevation (m): 857.00 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 42 % % IDs: ghcnd - SF006727480 % gsod - 681590-99999 % usaf - 681590 % wmo - 68159 % % Sources: Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % Global Summary of the Day % % Site Hash: ba711ba8993942cfddd096bae668ec06 % Raw Data Hash: 62a37b684f879e2393efeee0112a70cd % Adj Data Hash: 654c3474b2642a8848d47734721d370b % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1997 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.299 -0.620 1997 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.732 -1.164 1997 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.598 -0.580 1997 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.742 0.948 1997 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.703 0.796 1997 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.334 1.375 1997 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.069 0.742 1997 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.856 -0.352 1997 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.743 0.719 1997 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 27.042 1.702 1998 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 26.117 0.363 1998 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 26.683 1.410 1998 3 28.523 4.525 0 0 28.523 4.525 27.022 3.103 1998 4 24.527 3.551 0 0 24.527 3.551 23.888 2.992 1998 5 16.174 -1.084 0 0 16.174 -1.084 18.467 1.289 1998 6 12.720 -1.154 0 0 12.720 -1.154 15.211 1.417 1998 7 13.762 -0.225 0 0 13.762 -0.225 15.253 1.347 1998 8 16.790 -0.248 0 0 16.790 -0.248 17.267 0.309 1998 9 23.190 1.784 0 0 23.190 1.784 22.316 0.989 1998 10 25.307 1.019 0 0 25.307 1.019 24.392 0.184 1998 11 26.365 1.261 0 0 26.365 1.261 25.252 0.228 1998 12 25.580 0.160 1 0 NaN NaN 24.377 -0.963 1999 1 27.093 1.259 0 0 27.093 1.259 25.960 0.206 1999 2 27.492 2.139 0 0 27.492 2.139 26.016 0.743 1999 3 26.545 2.547 1 0 NaN NaN 25.167 1.249 1999 4 24.287 3.311 1 0 NaN NaN 22.687 1.791 1999 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.220 2.042 1999 6 12.250 -1.624 1 0 NaN NaN 15.493 1.699 1999 7 17.167 3.181 1 0 NaN NaN 15.980 2.074 1999 8 17.639 0.601 0 0 17.639 0.601 18.098 1.140 1999 9 20.996 -0.410 1 0 NaN NaN 20.996 -0.331 1999 10 24.870 0.582 0 0 24.870 0.582 23.942 -0.266 1999 11 26.616 1.513 0 0 26.616 1.513 26.266 1.242 1999 12 26.915 1.495 0 0 26.915 1.495 25.501 0.160 2000 1 25.023 -0.811 0 0 25.023 -0.811 23.876 -1.878 2000 2 25.325 -0.028 0 0 25.325 -0.028 24.000 -1.273 2000 3 25.140 1.142 1 0 NaN NaN 23.802 -0.117 2000 4 21.052 0.077 0 0 21.052 0.077 20.022 -0.874 2000 5 15.950 -1.308 0 0 15.950 -1.308 15.952 -1.226 2000 6 15.503 1.629 0 0 15.503 1.629 14.941 1.147 2000 7 11.436 -2.550 0 0 11.436 -2.550 13.597 -0.310 2000 8 17.154 0.116 0 0 17.154 0.116 17.147 0.188 2000 9 22.050 0.643 0 0 22.050 0.643 21.787 0.460 2000 10 27.063 2.775 1 0 NaN NaN 24.591 0.383 2000 11 24.206 -0.897 0 0 24.206 -0.897 24.415 -0.608 2000 12 26.772 1.351 0 0 26.772 1.351 25.787 0.446 2001 1 28.880 3.046 1 0 NaN NaN 27.317 1.563 2001 2 26.486 1.133 0 0 26.486 1.133 24.895 -0.379 2001 3 22.679 -1.320 1 0 NaN NaN 23.494 -0.425 2001 4 22.152 1.176 0 0 22.152 1.176 21.621 0.725 2001 5 15.023 -2.235 0 0 15.023 -2.235 17.198 0.020 2001 6 13.010 -0.864 0 0 13.010 -0.864 14.269 0.475 2001 7 12.351 -1.636 0 0 12.351 -1.636 13.935 0.028 2001 8 18.056 1.018 0 0 18.056 1.018 18.766 1.808 2001 9 15.550 -5.857 1 0 NaN NaN 21.503 0.176 2001 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.702 0.494 2001 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.728 -1.296 2001 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.008 -0.333 2002 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 26.976 1.222 2002 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 26.295 1.022 2002 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 25.783 1.864 2002 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 22.722 1.826 2002 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.569 1.391 2002 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.861 0.066 2002 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.818 0.911 2002 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.631 1.672 2002 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.849 -0.478