% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 22708 % Primary Name: POTCHEFSTROOM UPPER-AIR % Record Type: TAVG % Country: South Africa % Latitude: -26.66700 +/- 0.00050 % Longitude: 27.10000 +/- 0.00050 % Elevation (m): 1386.22 +/- 14.27 % # of Months: 104 % % Alternate Names: POTCHEFSTROOM UPPER % % IDs: ghcnd - SF004371000 % gsod - 683510-99999 % usaf - 683510 % wmo - 68351 % % Sources: Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % Global Summary of the Day % Monthly Climatic Data of the World % % Site Hash: 2fb51f761cdadd660f83fe2c44f0c918 % Raw Data Hash: 847d36a4f55c5f38b199971cc453f5cb % Adj Data Hash: dc6df6cb70fd68afc70dfbdd28f3d173 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1979 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.265 1.118 1979 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.524 1.942 1979 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.935 1.054 1979 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.787 0.247 1979 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.475 -0.307 1979 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.592 0.941 1979 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.965 0.003 1979 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.041 0.509 1979 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.458 -0.378 1979 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.933 0.217 1980 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.727 -0.428 1980 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.157 -0.366 1980 3 21.521 0.355 0 0 21.547 0.381 20.645 0.498 1980 4 17.272 -0.330 0 0 17.298 -0.304 16.370 -0.212 1980 5 14.029 0.129 0 0 14.055 0.155 13.343 0.462 1980 6 10.073 -0.487 0 0 10.098 -0.461 8.887 -0.654 1980 7 11.076 0.275 0 0 11.101 0.301 9.502 -0.279 1980 8 12.865 -0.805 1 0 NaN NaN 12.685 0.034 1980 9 16.529 -1.452 0 0 16.555 -1.426 15.834 -1.128 1980 10 21.572 1.021 1 0 NaN NaN 20.467 0.935 1980 11 20.036 -1.819 1 0 NaN NaN 20.139 -0.697 1980 12 22.375 -0.360 0 0 22.401 -0.334 21.579 -0.137 1981 1 22.081 -1.093 1 0 NaN NaN 22.341 0.186 1981 2 21.100 -1.441 0 0 21.126 -1.416 20.593 -0.929 1981 3 18.625 -2.541 0 0 18.651 -2.515 18.773 -1.374 1981 4 17.157 -0.444 0 0 17.183 -0.418 16.720 0.138 1981 5 13.988 0.088 0 0 14.014 0.114 13.110 0.229 1981 6 10.477 -0.082 0 0 10.503 -0.056 9.271 -0.269 1981 7 11.289 0.489 0 0 11.315 0.515 10.632 0.850 1981 8 11.845 -1.825 0 0 11.871 -1.799 11.287 -1.363 1981 9 16.722 -1.259 0 0 16.748 -1.233 15.554 -1.408 1981 10 18.604 -1.947 0 0 18.630 -1.921 16.938 -2.594 1981 11 23.581 1.726 0 0 23.607 1.752 22.403 1.567 1981 12 22.687 -0.048 0 0 22.713 -0.022 21.786 0.070 1982 1 23.073 -0.100 0 0 23.099 -0.074 22.697 0.542 1982 2 22.891 0.349 0 0 22.917 0.375 22.616 1.094 1982 3 21.481 0.316 0 0 21.507 0.341 20.636 0.489 1982 4 16.444 -1.157 0 0 16.470 -1.131 15.136 -1.447 1982 5 14.519 0.619 0 0 14.544 0.644 13.600 0.719 1982 6 11.466 0.907 0 0 11.492 0.932 9.611 0.070 1982 7 11.302 0.502 0 0 11.328 0.528 10.261 0.480 1982 8 15.020 1.350 0 0 15.046 1.376 12.960 0.309 1982 9 19.904 1.923 0 0 19.930 1.949 18.493 1.531 1982 10 20.381 -0.171 0 0 20.406 -0.145 19.352 -0.180 1982 11 22.255 0.400 0 0 22.281 0.426 21.095 0.259 1982 12 23.881 1.146 0 0 23.907 1.172 23.050 1.334 1983 1 24.353 1.180 0 0 24.379 1.205 24.243 2.089 1983 2 24.870 2.328 0 0 24.895 2.354 23.548 2.026 1983 3 22.189 1.023 0 0 22.215 1.049 21.670 1.523 1983 4 19.586 1.985 0 0 19.612 2.011 18.845 2.263 1983 5 14.378 0.478 0 0 14.404 0.504 13.651 0.770 1983 6 11.731 1.172 0 0 11.757 1.197 10.363 0.822 1983 7 11.443 0.642 0 0 11.468 0.668 10.672 0.891 1983 8 12.722 -0.948 0 0 12.748 -0.922 11.671 -0.980 1983 9 18.817 0.835 0 0 18.842 0.861 18.250 1.288 1983 10 21.562 1.011 0 0 21.588 1.037 19.808 0.276 1983 11 23.006 1.151 1 0 NaN NaN 21.472 0.637 1983 12 22.979 0.244 1 0 NaN NaN 22.130 0.414 1984 1 25.094 1.921 0 0 25.120 1.946 23.442 1.287 1984 2 25.688 3.146 0 0 25.714 3.172 23.919 2.397 1984 3 22.960 1.794 0 0 22.986 1.820 22.040 1.893 1984 4 19.062 1.460 0 0 19.088 1.486 16.849 0.267 1984 5 13.617 -0.283 1 0 NaN NaN 12.962 0.081 1984 6 9.860 -0.699 0 0 9.886 -0.673 9.043 -0.498 1984 7 11.139 0.338 0 0 11.165 0.364 10.326 0.544 1984 8 14.903 1.233 0 0 14.929 1.259 13.336 0.685 1984 9 17.987 0.006 1 0 NaN NaN 18.259 1.297 1984 10 20.471 -0.080 0 0 20.497 -0.054 20.238 0.706 1984 11 21.296 -0.559 1 0 NaN NaN 20.392 -0.444 1984 12 21.567 -1.168 1 0 NaN NaN 22.308 0.592 1985 1 23.760 0.586 1 0 NaN NaN 23.153 0.998 1985 2 23.773 1.231 1 0 NaN NaN 22.010 0.487 1985 3 20.578 -0.588 1 0 NaN NaN 20.347 0.200 1985 4 17.930 0.328 1 0 NaN NaN 16.396 -0.187 1985 5 13.429 -0.471 1 0 NaN NaN 13.124 0.243 1985 6 10.893 0.333 1 0 NaN NaN 10.287 0.747 1985 7 10.604 -0.196 1 0 NaN NaN 9.689 -0.092 1985 8 15.010 1.340 1 0 NaN NaN 13.969 1.318 1985 9 17.102 -0.879 1 0 NaN NaN 17.534 0.572 1985 10 21.136 0.584 1 0 NaN NaN 20.958 1.425 1985 11 22.931 1.076 1 0 NaN NaN 22.103 1.268 1985 12 22.984 0.249 1 0 NaN NaN 21.601 -0.115 1986 1 23.426 0.252 1 0 NaN NaN 22.901 0.747 1986 2 22.110 -0.432 1 0 NaN NaN 21.344 -0.179 1986 3 21.260 0.094 1 0 NaN NaN 20.808 0.661 1986 4 18.765 1.164 1 0 NaN NaN 17.746 1.164 1986 5 15.721 1.821 1 0 NaN NaN 14.540 1.659 1986 6 10.582 0.023 0 2 10.582 0.023 9.852 0.311 1986 7 11.913 1.113 1 0 NaN NaN 10.265 0.484 1986 8 15.804 2.134 1 0 NaN NaN 13.850 1.199 1986 9 19.371 1.390 1 0 NaN NaN 17.072 0.110 1986 10 19.505 -1.046 1 0 NaN NaN 19.003 -0.529 1986 11 20.155 -1.700 1 0 NaN NaN 19.613 -1.223 1986 12 24.333 1.597 1 0 NaN NaN 22.536 0.820 1987 1 23.620 0.446 1 0 NaN NaN 22.978 0.824 1987 2 24.494 1.952 1 0 NaN NaN 23.571 2.049 1987 3 21.091 -0.074 1 0 NaN NaN 21.196 1.049 1987 4 21.045 3.444 1 0 NaN NaN 19.136 2.553 1987 5 15.104 1.204 1 0 NaN NaN 15.001 2.120 1987 6 10.540 -0.020 1 0 NaN NaN 9.029 -0.511 1987 7 10.023 -0.778 1 0 NaN NaN 9.297 -0.484 1987 8 12.175 -1.495 1 0 NaN NaN 12.116 -0.534 1987 9 16.829 -1.152 1 0 NaN NaN 15.964 -0.998 1987 10 19.447 -1.104 0 2 19.323 -1.228 19.062 -0.470 1987 11 23.311 1.456 1 0 NaN NaN 22.083 1.247 1987 12 23.242 0.507 1 0 NaN NaN 22.809 1.093 1988 1 24.122 0.948 0 0 23.998 0.824 23.570 1.416 1988 2 23.846 1.304 0 0 23.722 1.180 22.010 0.488 1988 3 22.728 1.562 0 0 22.604 1.438 21.363 1.216 1988 4 17.848 0.246 0 0 17.724 0.122 16.273 -0.310 1988 5 14.922 1.022 0 0 14.798 0.898 13.330 0.449 1988 6 9.435 -1.125 0 0 9.311 -1.249 8.749 -0.792 1988 7 11.180 0.379 0 0 11.056 0.255 10.068 0.287 1988 8 15.676 2.006 0 0 15.552 1.882 13.584 0.933 1988 9 17.101 -0.880 0 0 16.977 -1.004 16.648 -0.314 1988 10 20.957 0.406 1 0 NaN NaN 18.342 -1.190 1988 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.013 -0.823 1988 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.721 -0.995 1989 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.481 -0.673 1989 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.521 -2.001 1989 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.839 -0.308 1989 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.710 -0.873 1989 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.139 1.258 1989 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.809 0.269 1989 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.631 -0.150 1989 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.033 1.382 1989 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.241 -0.721 1989 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.869 -0.663