% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 159037 % Primary Name: VIOOLSDRIF % Record Type: TAVG % Country: South Africa % Latitude: -28.70979 +/- 0.05979 % Longitude: 17.60000 +/- 0.05000 % Elevation (m): 171.22 +/- 3.28 % # of Months: 189 % % IDs: ghcnd - SF002760720 % gsod - 684110-99999 % usaf - 684110 % wmo - 68411 % % Sources: Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % Global Summary of the Day % World Meteorological Organization Metadata % % Site Hash: 43659f02ed7e2159a778c1fae36d7c89 % Raw Data Hash: b9a7dc6666f1f1f43b2f6010937d240a % Adj Data Hash: 4e64327b412f1cd30ec40ed67f88232c % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1997 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.595 -0.732 1997 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.013 -1.029 1997 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.241 -0.416 1997 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.525 -0.790 1997 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 13.747 1.073 1997 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.588 0.756 1997 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.792 2.265 1997 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.402 1.919 1997 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.154 0.081 1997 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.495 0.955 1998 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.826 0.239 1998 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.889 1.486 1998 3 28.691 0.396 0 0 29.192 0.897 22.848 0.521 1998 4 25.871 0.861 0 0 26.360 1.350 20.342 1.300 1998 5 20.702 -0.923 0 0 21.242 -0.383 16.500 0.843 1998 6 16.225 -3.058 0 0 16.753 -2.530 12.754 -0.560 1998 7 16.490 -2.153 1 0 NaN NaN 13.253 0.578 1998 8 20.047 0.247 1 0 NaN NaN 15.039 1.207 1998 9 22.166 -0.329 1 0 NaN NaN 16.928 0.401 1998 10 24.388 -0.064 0 0 24.817 0.366 18.548 0.065 1998 11 25.366 -1.675 0 0 25.799 -1.242 20.892 -0.181 1998 12 28.338 -0.170 0 0 28.761 0.253 22.711 0.171 1999 1 31.210 1.655 0 0 31.691 2.136 24.179 0.592 1999 2 30.670 1.298 1 0 NaN NaN 24.146 0.742 1999 3 31.919 3.624 0 0 32.420 4.125 24.488 2.161 1999 4 27.052 2.042 0 0 27.541 2.531 20.222 1.180 1999 5 21.475 -0.150 0 0 22.015 0.390 16.215 0.558 1999 6 18.870 -0.413 0 0 19.398 0.115 15.018 1.703 1999 7 17.898 -0.745 0 0 18.292 -0.350 14.092 1.417 1999 8 18.834 -0.966 0 0 19.128 -0.673 14.649 0.817 1999 9 18.763 -3.732 0 0 19.106 -3.389 16.112 -0.415 1999 10 25.871 1.419 0 0 26.300 1.849 19.804 1.321 1999 11 26.016 -1.025 0 0 26.449 -0.592 21.504 0.432 1999 12 31.978 3.470 0 0 32.401 3.893 24.514 1.974 2000 1 30.010 0.455 0 0 30.491 0.936 23.752 0.165 2000 2 29.662 0.290 0 0 30.190 0.818 23.293 -0.111 2000 3 29.252 0.957 0 0 29.753 1.458 22.657 0.331 2000 4 26.886 1.876 0 0 27.375 2.365 19.666 0.624 2000 5 20.550 -1.075 0 0 21.090 -0.535 15.407 -0.250 2000 6 18.310 -0.973 0 0 18.838 -0.445 15.026 1.711 2000 7 17.990 -0.653 0 0 18.384 -0.258 14.039 1.365 2000 8 21.076 1.276 0 0 21.370 1.569 15.748 1.917 2000 9 20.857 -1.638 0 0 21.200 -1.295 16.345 -0.182 2000 10 25.500 1.048 0 0 25.929 1.478 19.486 1.003 2000 11 26.299 -0.742 0 0 26.732 -0.309 21.257 0.184 2000 12 29.152 0.644 0 0 29.575 1.067 22.972 0.432 2001 1 30.100 0.545 0 0 30.581 1.026 23.753 0.166 2001 2 30.765 1.393 0 0 31.293 1.921 23.722 0.318 2001 3 30.650 2.355 0 0 31.151 2.856 23.597 1.270 2001 4 26.036 1.026 0 0 26.525 1.515 19.605 0.563 2001 5 22.169 0.544 0 0 22.709 1.084 17.198 1.541 2001 6 18.900 -0.383 0 0 19.428 0.145 14.249 0.934 2001 7 17.069 -1.574 0 0 17.463 -1.179 13.378 0.703 2001 8 18.454 -1.346 0 0 18.748 -1.053 13.715 -0.117 2001 9 19.919 -2.576 0 0 20.262 -2.233 15.848 -0.679 2001 10 25.974 1.522 0 0 26.403 1.952 19.817 1.334 2001 11 27.786 0.745 0 0 28.219 1.178 22.100 1.028 2001 12 28.345 -0.163 0 0 28.768 0.260 22.628 0.088 2002 1 28.398 -1.157 0 0 28.879 -0.676 23.074 -0.513 2002 2 31.664 2.292 0 0 32.192 2.820 24.679 1.275 2002 3 31.298 3.003 0 0 31.799 3.504 24.081 1.754 2002 4 27.116 2.106 0 0 27.605 2.595 20.437 1.395 2002 5 20.272 -1.353 0 0 20.812 -0.813 15.630 -0.027 2002 6 16.760 -2.523 0 0 17.288 -1.995 12.789 -0.525 2002 7 16.760 -1.883 0 0 17.154 -1.488 12.240 -0.434 2002 8 18.436 -1.364 0 0 18.730 -1.071 13.707 -0.124 2002 9 22.677 0.182 0 0 23.019 0.524 17.814 1.288 2002 10 26.580 2.128 1 0 NaN NaN 19.639 1.155 2002 11 28.817 1.776 1 0 NaN NaN 21.338 0.266 2002 12 30.236 1.728 1 0 NaN NaN 23.672 1.131 2003 1 31.750 2.195 1 0 NaN NaN 24.255 0.668 2003 2 32.554 3.182 1 0 NaN NaN 24.480 1.077 2003 3 32.350 4.055 1 0 NaN NaN 23.316 0.990 2003 4 28.269 3.259 0 0 28.758 3.748 21.328 2.286 2003 5 23.714 2.089 1 0 NaN NaN 16.500 0.843 2003 6 18.950 -0.333 1 0 NaN NaN 14.796 1.481 2003 7 19.119 0.476 0 0 19.513 0.871 14.431 1.757 2003 8 17.058 -2.742 0 0 17.352 -2.449 12.836 -0.996 2003 9 21.827 -0.668 0 0 22.170 -0.325 16.680 0.153 2003 10 26.282 1.830 0 0 26.711 2.260 20.006 1.523 2003 11 27.940 0.899 0 0 28.373 1.332 22.195 1.122 2003 12 29.129 0.621 0 0 29.552 1.044 22.807 0.267 2004 1 30.696 1.141 0 0 31.177 1.622 23.654 0.066 2004 2 30.558 1.186 0 0 31.086 1.714 24.038 0.635 2004 3 28.521 0.226 0 0 29.022 0.727 22.064 -0.263 2004 4 26.885 1.875 0 0 27.374 2.364 20.549 1.507 2004 5 24.400 2.775 1 0 NaN NaN 17.916 2.259 2004 6 18.357 -0.926 0 0 18.885 -0.398 14.080 0.765 2004 7 17.928 -0.715 0 0 18.322 -0.320 13.864 1.189 2004 8 17.428 -2.372 0 0 17.722 -2.078 14.055 0.223 2004 9 22.883 0.388 0 0 23.226 0.731 17.644 1.117 2004 10 26.443 1.991 0 0 26.872 2.421 19.783 1.299 2004 11 30.300 3.259 0 0 30.733 3.692 23.583 2.511 2004 12 28.073 -0.435 0 0 28.496 -0.012 23.482 0.942 2005 1 30.004 0.449 0 0 30.485 0.930 24.200 0.613 2005 2 30.547 1.175 0 0 31.075 1.703 24.211 0.808 2005 3 28.675 0.380 0 0 29.176 0.881 22.998 0.672 2005 4 24.496 -0.514 0 0 24.985 -0.025 18.909 -0.133 2005 5 20.259 -1.366 0 0 20.799 -0.826 15.830 0.173 2005 6 15.950 -3.333 0 0 16.478 -2.805 12.855 -0.460 2005 7 18.566 -0.077 0 0 18.960 0.318 14.807 2.132 2005 8 16.563 -3.237 1 0 NaN NaN 12.796 -1.036 2005 9 23.403 0.908 0 0 23.746 1.251 17.509 0.982 2005 10 25.236 0.784 0 0 25.665 1.214 18.752 0.268 2005 11 27.400 0.359 0 0 27.833 0.792 21.674 0.602 2005 12 30.463 1.955 0 0 30.886 2.378 23.234 0.694 2006 1 31.929 2.374 0 0 32.410 2.855 24.127 0.540 2006 2 32.582 3.210 0 0 33.110 3.738 24.056 0.652 2006 3 28.826 0.531 0 0 29.327 1.032 22.523 0.196 2006 4 26.225 1.215 0 0 26.714 1.704 20.231 1.190 2006 5 19.202 -2.423 0 0 19.742 -1.883 15.373 -0.284 2006 6 18.325 -0.958 0 0 18.853 -0.430 15.057 1.742 2006 7 17.507 -1.136 0 0 17.901 -0.741 12.894 0.220 2006 8 18.361 -1.439 0 0 18.655 -1.146 13.470 -0.362 2006 9 24.540 2.045 0 0 24.883 2.388 18.531 2.004 2006 10 25.924 1.472 0 0 26.353 1.902 19.553 1.070 2006 11 27.888 0.847 0 0 28.321 1.280 22.615 1.542 2006 12 28.191 -0.317 0 0 28.614 0.106 22.903 0.363 2007 1 31.377 1.822 0 0 31.858 2.303 24.690 1.103 2007 2 30.018 0.646 0 0 30.546 1.174 23.889 0.486 2007 3 30.146 1.851 0 0 30.647 2.352 23.543 1.216 2007 4 27.436 2.426 0 4 26.742 1.732 19.816 0.774 2007 5 22.687 1.062 0 0 21.921 0.296 16.648 0.991 2007 6 17.718 -1.565 0 0 16.969 -2.314 12.579 -0.735 2007 7 18.252 -0.391 0 0 17.693 -0.950 13.352 0.677 2007 8 18.576 -1.224 0 0 18.160 -1.640 13.446 -0.386 2007 9 22.291 -0.204 0 0 21.805 -0.690 16.827 0.301 2007 10 26.240 1.788 0 0 25.631 1.179 19.036 0.552 2007 11 27.159 0.118 0 0 26.546 -0.495 20.493 -0.579 2007 12 30.555 2.047 0 0 29.955 1.447 23.079 0.539 2008 1 32.728 3.173 0 0 32.046 2.490 24.243 0.656 2008 2 33.025 3.653 0 0 32.276 2.904 24.099 0.696 2008 3 31.305 3.010 0 0 30.595 2.300 23.433 1.106 2008 4 27.012 2.002 0 0 26.318 1.308 19.487 0.445 2008 5 23.131 1.506 1 0 NaN NaN 16.376 0.719 2008 6 18.745 -0.538 0 0 17.996 -1.287 13.613 0.298 2008 7 17.963 -0.680 0 0 17.404 -1.239 13.113 0.439 2008 8 20.089 0.289 0 0 19.673 -0.127 14.459 0.627 2008 9 21.317 -1.178 0 0 20.831 -1.664 15.930 -0.597 2008 10 26.619 2.167 0 0 26.010 1.558 19.054 0.571 2008 11 28.647 1.606 0 0 28.034 0.993 21.599 0.527 2008 12 30.845 2.337 0 0 30.245 1.737 23.378 0.838 2009 1 29.240 -0.315 0 0 28.558 -0.998 23.162 -0.425 2009 2 32.718 3.346 0 0 31.969 2.597 24.477 1.073 2009 3 31.520 3.225 0 0 30.810 2.515 23.468 1.141 2009 4 29.038 4.028 1 0 NaN NaN 21.118 2.076 2009 5 21.268 -0.357 0 0 20.502 -1.123 15.566 -0.090 2009 6 18.912 -0.371 0 0 18.163 -1.120 13.774 0.459 2009 7 19.197 0.554 0 0 18.638 -0.005 14.629 1.955 2009 8 20.413 0.613 0 0 19.997 0.197 14.697 0.865 2009 9 22.088 -0.407 1 0 NaN NaN 17.254 0.728 2009 10 26.466 2.014 0 0 25.857 1.405 19.719 1.235 2009 11 28.267 1.226 0 0 27.654 0.613 21.719 0.646 2009 12 29.165 0.657 0 0 28.565 0.057 23.253 0.713 2010 1 31.885 2.330 0 0 31.203 1.647 23.688 0.101 2010 2 32.385 3.013 0 0 31.636 2.264 24.495 1.091 2010 3 31.684 3.389 0 0 30.974 2.679 24.700 2.373 2010 4 27.994 2.984 0 0 27.300 2.290 19.560 0.518 2010 5 23.492 1.867 0 0 22.726 1.101 16.714 1.058 2010 6 18.652 -0.631 0 0 17.903 -1.380 13.536 0.222 2010 7 20.417 1.774 1 0 NaN NaN 14.330 1.655 2010 8 22.400 2.600 1 0 NaN NaN 15.592 1.760 2010 9 23.329 0.834 0 0 22.843 0.348 17.781 1.255 2010 10 24.869 0.417 0 0 24.260 -0.192 18.643 0.159 2010 11 27.739 0.698 0 0 27.126 0.085 21.373 0.300 2010 12 30.022 1.514 0 0 29.422 0.914 23.410 0.870 2011 1 32.415 2.860 0 0 31.733 2.177 24.357 0.770 2011 2 33.308 3.936 0 0 32.559 3.187 24.407 1.004 2011 3 32.829 4.534 1 0 NaN NaN 23.896 1.569 2011 4 27.707 2.697 0 0 27.013 2.003 19.657 0.615 2011 5 21.462 -0.163 0 0 20.696 -0.929 15.644 -0.013 2011 6 17.998 -1.285 0 0 17.249 -2.034 12.539 -0.775 2011 7 18.628 -0.015 0 0 18.069 -0.574 13.706 1.032 2011 8 20.165 0.365 0 0 19.749 -0.051 14.356 0.524 2011 9 22.326 -0.169 0 0 21.840 -0.655 17.145 0.618 2011 10 25.517 1.065 0 0 24.908 0.456 18.837 0.353 2011 11 26.368 -0.673 0 0 25.755 -1.286 20.528 -0.544 2011 12 28.750 0.242 0 0 28.150 -0.358 22.361 -0.180 2012 1 31.828 2.273 0 0 31.146 1.590 24.694 1.107 2012 2 31.378 2.006 0 0 30.629 1.257 23.104 -0.300 2012 3 29.718 1.423 1 0 NaN NaN 23.434 1.107 2012 4 26.333 1.323 0 0 25.639 0.629 19.467 0.425 2012 5 22.152 0.527 1 0 NaN NaN 15.775 0.118 2012 6 18.903 -0.380 1 0 NaN NaN 12.797 -0.517 2012 7 17.821 -0.822 1 0 NaN NaN 12.280 -0.394 2012 8 17.925 -1.875 1 0 NaN NaN 12.610 -1.222 2012 9 22.005 -0.490 0 0 21.519 -0.976 16.086 -0.441 2012 10 25.686 1.234 0 0 25.077 0.625 18.787 0.303 2012 11 29.640 2.599 0 0 29.027 1.986 22.357 1.284 2012 12 31.877 3.369 0 0 31.277 2.769 24.183 1.643 2013 1 32.236 2.681 0 0 31.554 1.998 24.764 1.177 2013 2 32.917 3.545 0 0 32.168 2.796 24.889 1.485 2013 3 31.279 2.984 0 0 30.569 2.274 23.928 1.601 2013 4 26.450 1.440 0 0 25.756 0.746 19.404 0.362 2013 5 23.719 2.094 0 0 22.953 1.328 17.246 1.589 2013 6 18.527 -0.756 0 0 17.778 -1.505 13.935 0.620 2013 7 18.625 -0.018 1 0 NaN NaN 13.026 0.352 2013 8 18.650 -1.150 0 0 18.234 -1.566 13.188 -0.644 2013 9 21.400 -1.095 0 0 20.914 -1.581 15.770 -0.757 2013 10 26.478 2.026 0 0 25.869 1.417 18.923 0.439 2013 11 31.967 4.926 1 0 NaN NaN NaN NaN