% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 159035 % Primary Name: MTUNZINI % Record Type: TAVG % Country: South Africa % Latitude: -28.95000 +/- 0.00500 % Longitude: 31.70000 +/- 0.00500 % Elevation (m): 38.00 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 189 % % IDs: ghcnd - SF003044460 % gsod - 684970-99999 % usaf - 684970 % wmo - 68497 % % Sources: Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily % Global Summary of the Day % World Meteorological Organization Metadata % % Site Hash: 615f5ce0ec3e3409e44e687151e89fba % Raw Data Hash: 12ad9238d21a3cba1578d3f2fbfe76be % Adj Data Hash: 3af0956149c338f1dd7eb4088d6eca29 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1997 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.019 0.126 1997 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.292 -0.954 1997 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.868 -0.736 1997 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 15.418 0.394 1997 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.762 -0.245 1997 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.769 1.090 1997 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 19.264 0.569 1997 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 20.293 0.151 1997 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.709 0.022 1997 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 23.477 0.313 1998 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.445 0.483 1998 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 24.790 0.927 1998 3 26.140 1.080 0 0 25.923 0.863 23.923 1.031 1998 4 24.509 2.095 0 0 24.352 1.939 21.557 1.311 1998 5 20.715 0.944 0 0 21.045 1.274 18.373 0.769 1998 6 18.670 1.478 0 0 19.262 2.071 16.168 1.144 1998 7 19.922 2.747 0 0 20.088 2.913 16.272 1.265 1998 8 20.630 1.784 0 0 20.247 1.401 17.446 0.767 1998 9 22.185 1.323 0 0 21.706 0.844 19.713 1.019 1998 10 22.442 0.133 0 0 21.989 -0.320 20.307 0.165 1998 11 25.507 1.653 0 0 24.835 0.980 22.652 0.965 1998 12 25.502 0.171 0 0 24.746 -0.585 23.366 0.202 1999 1 27.120 0.991 0 0 26.705 0.575 24.867 0.905 1999 2 26.732 0.702 0 0 26.598 0.568 24.578 0.715 1999 3 27.382 2.322 0 0 27.165 2.105 24.607 1.715 1999 4 24.792 2.379 0 0 24.636 2.223 21.322 1.076 1999 5 21.531 1.760 0 0 21.862 2.091 18.912 1.309 1999 6 17.729 0.538 0 0 18.322 1.131 16.146 1.122 1999 7 19.604 2.429 0 0 19.769 2.594 16.614 1.607 1999 8 18.871 0.025 0 0 18.488 -0.358 17.603 0.924 1999 9 21.658 0.796 0 0 21.179 0.317 19.118 0.424 1999 10 22.050 -0.259 0 0 21.597 -0.712 20.141 -0.001 1999 11 24.994 1.140 0 0 24.322 0.467 23.374 1.687 1999 12 26.122 0.791 0 0 25.366 0.035 24.313 1.149 2000 1 24.839 -1.291 0 0 24.423 -1.706 22.833 -1.129 2000 2 26.046 0.016 0 0 25.912 -0.118 24.212 0.349 2000 3 25.610 0.550 0 0 25.393 0.333 23.775 0.883 2000 4 21.940 -0.473 1 0 NaN NaN 19.241 -1.005 2000 5 18.623 -1.147 0 0 18.954 -0.817 16.785 -0.819 2000 6 17.817 0.626 0 0 18.410 1.218 15.900 0.876 2000 7 17.859 0.684 1 0 NaN NaN 15.096 0.089 2000 8 20.525 1.679 1 0 NaN NaN 17.501 0.823 2000 9 22.584 1.722 0 0 22.105 1.243 19.259 0.564 2000 10 23.124 0.814 0 0 22.671 0.362 20.152 0.010 2000 11 23.112 -0.743 0 0 22.439 -1.416 21.371 -0.316 2000 12 27.285 1.954 0 0 26.529 1.198 23.858 0.695 2001 1 26.667 0.538 0 0 26.252 0.122 23.607 -0.355 2001 2 25.550 -0.480 0 0 25.416 -0.614 23.442 -0.421 2001 3 26.583 1.523 0 0 26.366 1.306 23.781 0.889 2001 4 23.997 1.584 1 0 NaN NaN 20.883 0.637 2001 5 19.935 0.164 0 0 20.266 0.495 18.395 0.792 2001 6 19.062 1.870 0 0 19.654 2.463 16.241 1.217 2001 7 18.819 1.644 0 0 18.984 1.810 15.197 0.189 2001 8 21.978 3.131 0 0 21.595 2.748 17.776 1.098 2001 9 21.326 0.464 0 0 20.847 -0.015 18.883 0.188 2001 10 22.837 0.528 1 0 NaN NaN 21.132 0.990 2001 11 24.835 0.981 0 0 24.163 0.308 22.670 0.983 2001 12 25.397 0.066 0 0 24.641 -0.690 23.426 0.263 2002 1 27.745 1.616 0 0 27.330 1.200 24.924 0.962 2002 2 23.454 -2.576 0 0 23.320 -2.710 23.103 -0.760 2002 3 26.003 0.943 0 0 25.786 0.726 24.116 1.223 2002 4 25.778 3.364 1 0 NaN NaN 21.679 1.433 2002 5 21.545 1.774 0 0 21.875 2.104 18.686 1.082 2002 6 16.317 -0.874 0 0 16.910 -0.281 15.359 0.335 2002 7 17.270 0.096 0 0 17.436 0.261 14.705 -0.302 2002 8 21.988 3.142 1 0 NaN NaN 17.713 1.034 2002 9 21.480 0.618 0 0 21.001 0.139 19.045 0.350 2002 10 24.953 2.643 1 0 NaN NaN 21.195 1.053 2002 11 23.810 -0.044 0 0 23.138 -0.717 20.990 -0.697 2002 12 25.680 0.349 1 0 NaN NaN 23.715 0.552 2003 1 27.359 1.230 1 0 NaN NaN 24.699 0.737 2003 2 26.851 0.821 0 0 26.717 0.687 25.332 1.469 2003 3 26.567 1.507 1 0 NaN NaN 24.495 1.603 2003 4 24.598 2.185 0 0 24.442 2.028 21.990 1.744 2003 5 19.890 0.119 1 0 NaN NaN 18.266 0.663 2003 6 18.123 0.932 0 0 18.716 1.524 15.177 0.153 2003 7 18.069 0.894 0 0 18.234 1.060 15.487 0.480 2003 8 19.795 0.949 0 0 19.412 0.566 16.815 0.136 2003 9 21.149 0.287 0 0 20.670 -0.192 19.065 0.371 2003 10 23.636 1.327 0 0 23.183 0.874 21.347 1.205 2003 11 25.100 1.246 0 0 24.427 0.573 22.619 0.931 2003 12 27.913 2.581 1 0 NaN NaN 24.279 1.115 2004 1 27.189 1.060 0 0 26.773 0.644 24.514 0.552 2004 2 25.770 -0.260 0 0 25.636 -0.394 24.116 0.253 2004 3 25.108 0.048 0 0 24.891 -0.169 23.199 0.306 2004 4 23.106 0.692 0 0 22.949 0.536 20.857 0.611 2004 5 19.865 0.094 0 0 20.195 0.424 18.096 0.492 2004 6 18.574 1.383 0 0 19.167 1.975 15.281 0.257 2004 7 17.138 -0.037 1 0 NaN NaN 14.084 -0.924 2004 8 21.482 2.636 0 0 21.099 2.253 18.070 1.391 2004 9 20.874 0.012 0 0 20.394 -0.468 18.057 -0.638 2004 10 23.802 1.493 0 0 23.349 1.040 21.137 0.995 2004 11 26.778 2.923 0 0 26.105 2.251 24.069 2.382 2004 12 27.374 2.043 0 0 26.619 1.288 24.787 1.624 2005 1 25.884 -0.246 0 0 25.468 -0.661 24.790 0.828 2005 2 26.163 0.133 0 0 26.029 -0.001 24.827 0.965 2005 3 23.907 -1.153 0 0 23.690 -1.370 22.644 -0.249 2005 4 23.173 0.760 0 0 23.017 0.604 20.437 0.191 2005 5 21.790 2.019 0 4 22.147 2.376 18.701 1.097 2005 6 22.540 5.349 1 0 NaN NaN 16.554 1.530 2005 7 17.879 0.704 0 0 18.360 1.185 15.794 0.786 2005 8 19.616 0.770 0 0 20.514 1.668 18.661 1.982 2005 9 20.965 0.103 0 0 21.935 1.073 20.366 1.671 2005 10 22.496 0.187 0 0 23.446 1.137 21.136 0.994 2005 11 23.799 -0.056 0 0 24.916 1.061 22.558 0.871 2005 12 23.178 -2.153 0 0 24.358 -0.973 22.275 -0.889 2006 1 26.135 0.005 0 0 27.057 0.927 24.535 0.573 2006 2 26.960 0.930 0 0 27.669 1.639 25.154 1.291 2006 3 23.153 -1.907 0 0 23.925 -1.135 22.226 -0.667 2006 4 21.541 -0.873 0 0 22.266 -0.147 20.053 -0.193 2006 5 18.019 -1.752 0 0 18.376 -1.395 16.464 -1.140 2006 6 16.652 -0.540 0 0 16.810 -0.382 14.426 -0.599 2006 7 18.997 1.822 0 0 19.478 2.303 16.437 1.429 2006 8 19.089 0.242 0 0 19.986 1.140 16.480 -0.199 2006 9 21.548 0.686 0 0 22.518 1.656 19.047 0.352 2006 10 23.416 1.106 0 0 24.366 2.057 21.501 1.359 2006 11 23.369 -0.485 0 0 24.486 0.631 22.450 0.763 2006 12 25.580 0.249 0 0 26.760 1.429 24.461 1.298 2007 1 25.847 -0.283 0 0 26.769 0.639 24.869 0.907 2007 2 26.950 0.920 0 0 27.659 1.629 25.410 1.547 2007 3 25.735 0.675 0 0 26.507 1.447 24.021 1.128 2007 4 23.676 1.263 0 0 24.401 1.988 20.704 0.458 2007 5 19.206 -0.564 0 0 19.563 -0.208 17.909 0.305 2007 6 17.910 0.718 0 0 18.068 0.876 15.198 0.174 2007 7 17.066 -0.109 0 0 17.548 0.373 15.260 0.252 2007 8 19.086 0.239 0 0 19.983 1.137 17.444 0.765 2007 9 22.756 1.894 0 0 23.726 2.864 20.711 2.016 2007 10 21.252 -1.057 0 0 22.202 -0.107 20.283 0.142 2007 11 21.060 -2.794 0 0 22.177 -1.678 21.726 0.039 2007 12 23.023 -2.308 0 0 24.203 -1.128 22.986 -0.177 2008 1 24.223 -1.907 0 0 25.145 -0.984 24.055 0.093 2008 2 23.414 -2.616 0 0 24.123 -1.907 24.440 0.577 2008 3 22.784 -2.276 0 0 23.556 -1.504 23.068 0.175 2008 4 20.893 -1.520 0 0 21.619 -0.794 19.367 -0.879 2008 5 19.731 -0.040 0 0 20.088 0.317 18.422 0.819 2008 6 17.332 0.140 0 0 17.490 0.298 15.329 0.305 2008 7 18.363 1.188 0 0 18.845 1.670 16.116 1.109 2008 8 20.119 1.273 0 0 21.017 2.171 17.948 1.269 2008 9 21.059 0.197 0 0 22.029 1.167 18.758 0.064 2008 10 21.675 -0.634 1 0 NaN NaN 20.441 0.299 2008 11 21.521 -2.333 0 0 22.638 -1.216 22.563 0.876 2008 12 25.571 0.240 0 0 26.750 1.419 24.119 0.955 2009 1 22.863 -3.266 0 0 23.786 -2.344 24.291 0.329 2009 2 24.780 -1.250 0 0 25.489 -0.541 23.945 0.082 2009 3 25.431 0.371 1 0 NaN NaN 23.170 0.277 2009 4 23.220 0.806 0 4 22.814 0.401 20.209 -0.037 2009 5 21.216 1.445 0 0 20.441 0.671 18.396 0.793 2009 6 19.193 2.002 0 0 18.220 1.029 16.088 1.063 2009 7 17.465 0.290 0 0 16.816 -0.359 14.303 -0.705 2009 8 20.648 1.802 0 0 20.415 1.569 16.641 -0.038 2009 9 21.864 1.002 0 0 21.704 0.842 19.317 0.622 2009 10 22.684 0.375 0 0 22.504 0.195 20.395 0.253 2009 11 23.348 -0.506 0 0 23.334 -0.520 21.072 -0.615 2009 12 25.353 0.022 0 0 25.402 0.071 23.806 0.642 2010 1 26.789 0.660 0 0 26.581 0.451 24.134 0.172 2010 2 28.587 2.557 0 0 28.164 2.134 25.283 1.420 2010 3 26.015 0.955 0 0 25.656 0.596 23.971 1.078 2010 4 24.658 2.245 0 0 24.253 1.840 21.076 0.830 2010 5 22.741 2.970 0 0 21.967 2.196 19.580 1.976 2010 6 18.370 1.179 0 0 17.397 0.206 15.223 0.199 2010 7 19.573 2.398 0 0 18.924 1.749 15.775 0.768 2010 8 20.576 1.730 0 0 20.342 1.496 16.800 0.121 2010 9 23.947 3.085 0 0 23.786 2.924 20.480 1.785 2010 10 24.084 1.775 0 0 23.903 1.594 20.648 0.506 2010 11 25.779 1.924 0 0 25.765 1.910 22.621 0.934 2010 12 25.621 0.290 0 0 25.670 0.339 23.292 0.129 2011 1 26.097 -0.033 0 0 25.888 -0.242 23.802 -0.161 2011 2 25.574 -0.456 0 0 25.152 -0.878 23.874 0.011 2011 3 27.518 2.458 0 0 27.159 2.099 25.375 2.483 2011 4 22.384 -0.029 0 0 21.979 -0.435 20.174 -0.072 2011 5 20.928 1.157 0 0 20.153 0.383 18.550 0.947 2011 6 17.516 0.324 0 0 16.543 -0.649 15.039 0.015 2011 7 16.683 -0.491 0 0 16.034 -1.141 13.946 -1.061 2011 8 17.466 -1.380 0 0 17.232 -1.614 15.949 -0.730 2011 9 21.930 1.068 0 0 21.769 0.907 20.031 1.336 2011 10 22.606 0.297 0 0 22.425 0.116 20.913 0.771 2011 11 22.019 -1.836 0 0 22.005 -1.850 22.288 0.601 2011 12 25.285 -0.046 1 0 NaN NaN 23.441 0.278 2012 1 27.291 1.161 0 0 27.082 0.953 24.867 0.905 2012 2 27.585 1.555 0 0 27.163 1.133 25.246 1.383 2012 3 25.581 0.521 0 0 25.222 0.162 23.593 0.700 2012 4 22.237 -0.177 1 0 NaN NaN 19.529 -0.717 2012 5 20.841 1.070 1 0 NaN NaN 19.136 1.532 2012 6 18.416 1.224 1 0 NaN NaN 16.074 1.050 2012 7 18.427 1.252 0 0 17.777 0.603 15.817 0.810 2012 8 21.314 2.468 0 0 21.080 2.234 17.949 1.270 2012 9 20.946 0.084 0 0 20.785 -0.077 18.549 -0.145 2012 10 23.423 1.114 0 0 23.243 0.934 20.759 0.617 2012 11 23.691 -0.163 0 0 23.677 -0.177 21.691 0.004 2012 12 26.392 1.061 0 0 26.441 1.110 24.047 0.883 2013 1 27.114 0.984 0 0 26.905 0.776 24.572 0.610 2013 2 26.204 0.174 0 0 25.782 -0.248 24.508 0.645 2013 3 24.971 -0.089 0 0 24.612 -0.448 23.037 0.144 2013 4 22.752 0.338 0 0 22.346 -0.067 19.649 -0.597 2013 5 20.582 0.811 0 0 19.808 0.037 17.737 0.134 2013 6 17.117 -0.074 0 0 16.144 -1.047 15.653 0.629 2013 7 19.395 2.220 0 0 18.746 1.571 15.725 0.718 2013 8 21.133 2.287 0 0 20.900 2.053 17.490 0.811 2013 9 20.115 -0.747 0 0 19.954 -0.908 19.284 0.589 2013 10 23.732 1.422 0 0 23.551 1.242 20.148 0.006 2013 11 25.367 1.512 1 0 NaN NaN NaN NaN