% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 159025 % Primary Name: PIETERMARITZBURG % Record Type: TAVG % Country: South Africa % Latitude: -29.63306 +/- 0.00014 % Longitude: 30.40000 +/- 0.00014 % Elevation (m): 673.00 +/- 0.05 % # of Months: 190 % % IDs: gsod - 685810-99999 % usaf - 685810 % wmo - 68581 % % Sources: Global Summary of the Day % World Meteorological Organization Metadata % % Site Hash: 3bc33d8a630e788542681986375a9eb1 % Raw Data Hash: 91b5c36d2be0eb01b3bf731b04f31f79 % Adj Data Hash: 8d16baff7b008086a12b0c8d1433bd99 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1997 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.491 0.270 1997 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.110 -0.014 1997 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.601 -1.362 1997 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 9.292 -0.642 1997 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.261 -0.013 1997 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.278 -0.245 1997 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.586 1.154 1997 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.617 0.538 1997 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.102 0.479 1997 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.653 -0.446 1997 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 16.885 0.382 1998 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.370 0.049 1998 2 22.889 0.458 0 0 22.889 0.458 18.145 0.925 1998 3 21.469 0.134 0 0 21.469 0.134 16.993 0.869 1998 4 20.226 2.053 0 0 20.226 2.053 14.421 1.458 1998 5 15.548 0.403 0 0 15.548 0.403 10.466 0.532 1998 6 12.909 0.423 0 0 12.909 0.423 8.062 0.788 1998 7 14.218 1.484 0 0 14.218 1.484 9.007 1.485 1998 8 15.662 1.018 0 0 15.662 1.018 9.987 0.554 1998 9 17.996 0.706 0 0 17.996 0.706 12.767 0.688 1998 10 19.269 0.435 0 0 19.269 0.435 14.010 0.387 1998 11 21.233 0.923 0 0 21.233 0.923 15.986 0.886 1998 12 21.331 -0.383 0 0 21.331 -0.383 16.205 -0.298 1999 1 23.044 0.512 0 0 23.044 0.512 17.879 0.559 1999 2 22.970 0.538 0 0 22.970 0.538 17.912 0.692 1999 3 23.494 2.159 0 0 23.494 2.159 17.868 1.744 1999 4 20.475 2.301 0 0 20.475 2.301 14.358 1.395 1999 5 16.576 1.431 0 0 16.576 1.431 11.040 1.106 1999 6 13.996 1.511 0 0 13.996 1.511 8.368 1.093 1999 7 14.923 2.189 0 0 14.923 2.189 9.298 1.775 1999 8 16.205 1.561 0 0 16.205 1.561 10.276 0.843 1999 9 17.910 0.620 0 0 17.910 0.620 12.426 0.346 1999 10 19.250 0.416 0 0 19.250 0.416 13.751 0.128 1999 11 21.475 1.164 0 0 21.475 1.164 16.953 1.853 1999 12 23.098 1.384 0 0 23.098 1.384 17.525 1.022 2000 1 21.252 -1.279 0 0 21.252 -1.279 16.010 -1.310 2000 2 23.514 1.083 0 0 23.514 1.083 17.633 0.412 2000 3 23.007 1.673 0 0 23.007 1.673 17.257 1.133 2000 4 18.754 0.580 0 0 18.754 0.580 12.454 -0.509 2000 5 15.206 0.061 0 0 15.206 0.061 9.085 -0.849 2000 6 14.048 1.562 0 0 14.048 1.562 8.500 1.225 2000 7 13.532 0.799 0 0 13.532 0.799 7.794 0.271 2000 8 17.204 2.560 0 0 17.204 2.560 10.665 1.232 2000 9 17.513 0.223 0 0 17.513 0.223 11.948 -0.131 2000 10 18.348 -0.486 0 0 18.348 -0.486 13.927 0.304 2000 11 19.438 -0.872 0 0 19.438 -0.872 14.744 -0.356 2000 12 20.804 -0.910 0 0 20.804 -0.910 17.277 0.774 2001 1 21.048 -1.483 0 0 21.048 -1.483 17.075 -0.246 2001 2 21.274 -1.157 0 0 21.274 -1.157 16.965 -0.256 2001 3 22.400 1.065 0 0 22.400 1.065 17.401 1.277 2001 4 18.791 0.617 0 0 18.791 0.617 13.490 0.527 2001 5 16.149 1.004 0 0 16.149 1.004 10.963 1.029 2001 6 14.676 2.190 0 0 14.676 2.190 8.690 1.415 2001 7 13.730 0.996 0 0 13.730 0.996 7.624 0.101 2001 8 16.595 1.952 0 0 16.595 1.952 10.213 0.780 2001 9 17.419 0.129 0 0 17.419 0.129 11.954 -0.126 2001 10 19.946 1.112 0 0 19.946 1.112 14.827 1.203 2001 11 21.177 0.866 0 0 21.177 0.866 15.830 0.731 2001 12 19.505 -2.209 1 0 NaN NaN 16.657 0.154 2002 1 21.330 -1.201 1 0 NaN NaN 17.862 0.541 2002 2 22.741 0.310 1 0 NaN NaN 16.646 -0.574 2002 3 22.689 1.354 0 0 22.689 1.354 17.244 1.120 2002 4 21.868 3.694 0 0 21.868 3.694 14.632 1.669 2002 5 16.743 1.598 0 0 16.743 1.598 10.741 0.807 2002 6 13.413 0.928 0 0 13.413 0.928 7.292 0.017 2002 7 12.916 0.182 0 0 12.916 0.182 7.462 -0.061 2002 8 16.602 1.958 0 0 16.602 1.958 10.365 0.932 2002 9 17.486 0.195 0 0 17.486 0.195 12.682 0.603 2002 10 19.926 1.092 0 0 19.926 1.092 14.925 1.302 2002 11 20.011 -0.299 0 0 20.011 -0.299 14.905 -0.195 2002 12 22.171 0.457 0 0 22.171 0.457 17.003 0.499 2003 1 23.204 0.672 0 0 23.204 0.672 17.950 0.630 2003 2 24.271 1.840 0 0 24.271 1.840 18.887 1.667 2003 3 22.068 0.733 0 0 22.068 0.733 17.417 1.293 2003 4 20.031 1.857 0 0 20.031 1.857 15.009 2.046 2003 5 14.775 -0.370 0 0 14.775 -0.370 10.168 0.234 2003 6 12.406 -0.079 0 0 12.406 -0.079 7.011 -0.264 2003 7 12.276 -0.458 0 0 12.276 -0.458 7.564 0.041 2003 8 15.053 0.410 0 0 15.053 0.410 9.099 -0.334 2003 9 17.065 -0.225 0 0 17.065 -0.225 12.421 0.341 2003 10 18.903 0.069 0 0 18.903 0.069 14.985 1.362 2003 11 20.613 0.303 0 0 20.613 0.303 16.173 1.074 2003 12 22.840 1.126 1 0 NaN NaN 17.309 0.805 2004 1 22.961 0.430 0 0 22.961 0.430 17.863 0.542 2004 2 22.553 0.122 0 0 22.553 0.122 17.595 0.375 2004 3 21.204 -0.131 0 0 21.204 -0.131 16.501 0.377 2004 4 19.949 1.775 0 0 19.949 1.775 14.019 1.056 2004 5 18.487 3.342 1 0 NaN NaN 10.938 1.004 2004 6 13.712 1.227 0 0 13.712 1.227 7.675 0.401 2004 7 12.261 -0.472 0 0 12.261 -0.472 6.339 -1.184 2004 8 17.240 2.596 1 0 NaN NaN 10.913 1.480 2004 9 16.462 -0.828 0 0 16.462 -0.828 10.972 -1.108 2004 10 19.831 0.997 0 0 19.831 0.997 14.612 0.989 2004 11 22.151 1.841 0 0 22.151 1.841 17.782 2.683 2004 12 22.915 1.201 0 0 22.915 1.201 18.275 1.772 2005 1 22.276 -0.256 0 0 22.276 -0.256 17.601 0.280 2005 2 23.218 0.787 0 0 23.218 0.787 17.968 0.748 2005 3 20.655 -0.680 0 0 20.655 -0.680 15.873 -0.251 2005 4 19.085 0.911 0 0 19.085 0.911 13.080 0.117 2005 5 16.948 1.803 0 0 16.948 1.803 10.813 0.879 2005 6 15.442 2.957 1 0 NaN NaN 8.597 1.323 2005 7 13.833 1.100 0 0 13.833 1.100 8.304 0.781 2005 8 17.383 2.739 0 0 17.383 2.739 11.043 1.610 2005 9 18.887 1.597 0 0 18.887 1.597 13.435 1.355 2005 10 19.870 1.036 0 0 19.870 1.036 14.417 0.794 2005 11 22.232 1.922 1 0 NaN NaN 15.732 0.633 2005 12 20.058 -1.656 0 0 20.058 -1.656 15.625 -0.879 2006 1 22.903 0.371 0 0 22.903 0.371 17.866 0.545 2006 2 22.965 0.534 0 0 22.965 0.534 17.993 0.773 2006 3 19.789 -1.546 0 0 19.789 -1.546 15.032 -1.092 2006 4 18.447 0.273 0 0 18.447 0.273 12.621 -0.342 2006 5 13.663 -1.482 0 0 13.663 -1.482 8.412 -1.523 2006 6 11.784 -0.701 0 0 11.784 -0.701 6.560 -0.715 2006 7 13.604 0.870 0 0 13.604 0.870 8.603 1.080 2006 8 15.319 0.676 1 0 NaN NaN 8.920 -0.513 2006 9 17.495 0.205 0 0 17.495 0.205 12.533 0.453 2006 10 20.838 2.004 1 0 NaN NaN 15.004 1.381 2006 11 19.618 -0.692 0 0 19.618 -0.692 15.626 0.526 2006 12 20.964 -0.750 0 0 20.964 -0.750 17.187 0.684 2007 1 22.105 -0.426 0 0 22.105 -0.426 18.208 0.887 2007 2 23.703 1.272 0 0 23.703 1.272 18.716 1.495 2007 3 22.895 1.560 1 0 NaN NaN 16.903 0.779 2007 4 19.331 1.157 0 0 19.331 1.157 13.989 1.026 2007 5 16.459 1.314 0 0 16.459 1.314 10.571 0.637 2007 6 13.514 1.028 0 0 13.514 1.028 7.498 0.223 2007 7 13.702 0.968 1 0 NaN NaN 7.696 0.173 2007 8 15.491 0.848 0 0 15.491 0.848 10.149 0.716 2007 9 18.893 1.603 0 0 18.893 1.603 14.469 2.389 2007 10 17.879 -0.955 0 0 17.879 -0.955 13.586 -0.038 2007 11 18.220 -2.090 0 0 18.220 -2.090 15.191 0.091 2007 12 21.333 -0.381 0 0 21.333 -0.381 16.767 0.264 2008 1 22.710 0.178 0 0 22.710 0.178 17.581 0.260 2008 2 23.033 0.602 0 0 23.033 0.602 17.997 0.776 2008 3 22.056 0.721 0 0 22.056 0.721 16.246 0.122 2008 4 17.527 -0.647 0 0 17.527 -0.647 11.664 -1.299 2008 5 17.604 2.459 0 0 17.604 2.459 11.137 1.203 2008 6 14.045 1.560 0 0 14.045 1.560 7.761 0.486 2008 7 14.540 1.806 1 0 NaN NaN 7.892 0.369 2008 8 16.935 2.291 0 0 16.935 2.291 10.684 1.251 2008 9 17.243 -0.047 0 0 17.243 -0.047 12.144 0.064 2008 10 19.496 0.662 1 0 NaN NaN 14.658 1.035 2008 11 20.486 0.175 0 0 20.486 0.175 16.028 0.929 2008 12 22.983 1.269 1 0 NaN NaN 17.792 1.289 2009 1 21.956 -0.575 0 0 21.956 -0.575 17.748 0.427 2009 2 22.328 -0.103 0 0 22.328 -0.103 17.556 0.335 2009 3 21.795 0.460 0 0 21.795 0.460 16.862 0.738 2009 4 19.163 0.989 0 0 19.163 0.989 13.247 0.284 2009 5 16.788 1.643 0 0 16.788 1.643 10.459 0.525 2009 6 14.248 1.763 0 0 14.248 1.763 8.076 0.801 2009 7 12.582 -0.151 0 0 12.582 -0.151 6.352 -1.171 2009 8 15.953 1.310 0 0 15.953 1.310 9.703 0.270 2009 9 17.865 0.575 0 0 17.865 0.575 12.565 0.486 2009 10 19.053 0.219 0 0 19.053 0.219 14.101 0.478 2009 11 19.620 -0.691 0 0 19.620 -0.691 14.926 -0.173 2009 12 20.952 -0.762 0 0 20.952 -0.762 17.041 0.538 2010 1 22.531 -0.001 0 0 22.531 -0.001 17.596 0.276 2010 2 24.312 1.881 0 0 24.312 1.881 19.040 1.819 2010 3 22.565 1.230 0 0 22.565 1.230 17.433 1.309 2010 4 20.224 2.051 0 0 20.224 2.051 14.081 1.117 2010 5 18.457 3.312 0 0 18.457 3.312 12.061 2.127 2010 6 13.803 1.317 0 0 13.803 1.317 7.335 0.060 2010 7 14.791 2.057 0 0 14.791 2.057 8.446 0.923 2010 8 15.855 1.211 0 0 15.855 1.211 9.776 0.343 2010 9 19.402 2.112 0 0 19.402 2.112 14.093 2.013 2010 10 19.031 0.197 0 0 19.031 0.197 14.405 0.781 2010 11 20.264 -0.046 0 0 20.264 -0.046 16.184 1.085 2010 12 20.938 -0.776 0 0 20.938 -0.776 16.890 0.387 2011 1 22.464 -0.067 0 0 22.464 -0.067 17.441 0.121 2011 2 23.210 0.778 0 0 23.210 0.778 17.749 0.529 2011 3 24.408 3.073 0 0 24.408 3.073 18.168 2.044 2011 4 18.300 0.126 0 0 18.300 0.126 12.481 -0.483 2011 5 16.162 1.017 0 0 16.162 1.017 10.296 0.362 2011 6 13.047 0.562 0 0 13.047 0.562 7.093 -0.182 2011 7 11.490 -1.243 0 0 11.490 -1.243 5.788 -1.734 2011 8 15.370 0.726 1 0 NaN NaN 8.797 -0.636 2011 9 19.813 2.523 1 0 NaN NaN 13.294 1.214 2011 10 18.837 0.003 0 0 18.837 0.003 14.458 0.835 2011 11 18.926 -1.384 0 0 18.926 -1.384 15.558 0.459 2011 12 20.910 -0.804 0 0 20.910 -0.804 16.984 0.480 2012 1 22.899 0.367 0 0 22.899 0.367 18.437 1.116 2012 2 23.574 1.143 1 0 NaN NaN 18.622 1.401 2012 3 22.364 1.029 1 0 NaN NaN 16.974 0.850 2012 4 17.722 -0.452 0 0 17.722 -0.452 12.138 -0.825 2012 5 16.377 1.233 0 0 16.377 1.233 11.278 1.344 2012 6 12.906 0.421 0 0 12.906 0.421 7.441 0.166 2012 7 13.100 0.366 0 0 13.100 0.366 7.879 0.357 2012 8 15.871 1.227 0 0 15.871 1.227 10.285 0.852 2012 9 16.530 -0.760 0 0 16.530 -0.760 11.468 -0.611 2012 10 17.660 -1.174 1 0 NaN NaN 14.107 0.484 2012 11 18.169 -2.142 0 0 18.169 -2.142 15.523 0.423 2012 12 21.625 -0.089 0 0 21.625 -0.089 17.245 0.742 2013 1 21.825 -0.706 0 0 21.825 -0.706 17.770 0.450 2013 2 21.840 -0.592 0 0 21.840 -0.592 17.819 0.598 2013 3 20.548 -0.787 0 0 20.548 -0.787 16.650 0.526 2013 4 18.067 -0.107 0 0 18.067 -0.107 12.628 -0.335 2013 5 16.196 1.051 1 0 NaN NaN 10.101 0.167 2013 6 12.808 0.322 0 0 12.808 0.322 7.760 0.486 2013 7 13.988 1.254 0 0 13.988 1.254 8.547 1.024 2013 8 14.898 0.254 0 0 14.898 0.254 9.818 0.385 2013 9 16.860 -0.430 0 0 16.860 -0.430 12.374 0.295 2013 10 18.121 -0.713 0 0 18.121 -0.713 13.837 0.213 2013 11 21.521 1.211 1 0 NaN NaN NaN NaN