% This file contains a station summary listing for a temperature % station in the Berkeley Earth database. This station is identified as: % % Berkeley ID#: 158996 % Primary Name: GRAAFF-REINET % Record Type: TAVG % Country: South Africa % Latitude: -32.19910 +/- 0.00590 % Longitude: 24.54896 +/- 0.00604 % Elevation (m): 791.23 +/- 1.27 % # of Months: 186 % % IDs: gsod - 687370-99999 % usaf - 687370 % wmo - 68737 % % Sources: Global Summary of the Day % World Meteorological Organization Metadata % % Site Hash: c58f579cbf2ba6978fd6f0b7bf9f24dc % Raw Data Hash: f032488ff5c4f0725a666475c9adde05 % Adj Data Hash: f61bb3922c04dd77af8276849367d3b7 % % The data for this station is presented below in several columns and in % several forms. The temperature values are reported as "raw", % "adjusted", and "regional expectation". % % The "raw" values reflect the observations as originally ingested by % the Berkeley Earth system from one or more originating archive(s). % These "raw" values may reflect the merger of more than one temperature % time series if multiple archives reported values for this location. % Alongside the raw data we have also provided a flag indicating which % values failed initial quality control checks. A further column % dates at which the raw data may be subject to continuity "breaks" % due to documented station moves (denoted "1"), prolonged measurement % gaps (denoted "2"), documented time of observation changes (denoted "3") % and other empirically determined inhomogeneities (denoted "4"). % % In many cases, raw temperature data contains a number of artifacts, % caused by issues such as typographical errors, instrumentation changes, % station moves, and urban or agricultural development near the station. % The Berkeley Earth analysis process attempts to identify and estimate % the impact of various kinds of data quality problems by comparing each % time series to neighboring series. At the end of the analysis process, % the "adjusted" data is created as an estimate of what the weather at % this location might have looked like after removing apparent biases. % This "adjusted" data will generally to be free from quality control % issues and be regionally homogeneous. Some users may find this % "adjusted" data that attempts to remove apparent biases more % suitable for their needs, while other users may prefer to work % with raw values. % % Lastly, we have provided a "regional expectation" time series, based % on the Berkeley Earth expected temperatures in the neighborhood of the % station. This incorporates information from as many weather stations as % are available for the local region surrounding this location. Note % that the regional expectation may be a systematically a bit warmer or % colder than the weather stations by a few degrees due to differences % in mean elevation and other local characteristics. % % For each temperature time series, we have also included an "anomaly" % time series that removes both the seasonality and the long-term mean. % These anomalies may provide an easier way of seeing changes through % time. % % Reported temperatures are in Celsius and reflect monthly averages. As % these files are intended to be summaries for convenience, additional % information, including more detailed flagging and metadata, may be % available in our whole data set files. % % The Berkeley Earth analysis was run on 15-Nov-2013 19:55:48 % % Raw Data QC Continuity Adjusted Data Regional Expectation % Year, Month, Temperature, Anomaly, Failed, Breaks, Temperature, Anomaly, Temperature, Anomaly 1997 3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 18.615 -0.400 1997 4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.988 -1.682 1997 5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 10.543 -0.594 1997 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 7.880 -0.613 1997 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.396 -0.062 1997 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 11.359 1.327 1997 9 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 14.891 1.653 1997 10 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.330 1.657 1997 11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 17.882 -0.587 1997 12 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.309 0.770 1998 1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.020 -0.667 1998 2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 21.902 0.815 1998 3 21.567 0.970 1 0 NaN NaN 19.684 0.669 1998 4 18.153 1.901 0 0 18.060 1.808 16.349 1.679 1998 5 14.191 1.472 0 0 14.042 1.323 11.532 0.395 1998 6 10.613 0.539 0 0 10.406 0.332 8.444 -0.049 1998 7 11.232 1.191 0 0 11.024 0.984 9.063 0.605 1998 8 15.193 3.579 1 0 NaN NaN 10.554 0.522 1998 9 14.759 -0.061 0 0 14.543 -0.276 13.520 0.282 1998 10 18.401 1.147 0 0 18.135 0.881 16.426 0.754 1998 11 19.461 -0.590 1 0 NaN NaN 18.748 0.279 1998 12 23.144 1.023 0 0 22.922 0.801 21.316 0.777 1999 1 24.519 1.250 0 0 24.347 1.078 23.043 1.357 1999 2 23.658 0.988 0 0 23.526 0.856 22.829 1.741 1999 3 22.907 2.310 0 0 22.812 2.216 21.875 2.861 1999 4 18.519 2.267 0 0 18.425 2.174 16.553 1.883 1999 5 13.397 0.679 0 0 13.248 0.529 11.452 0.315 1999 6 11.963 1.888 0 0 11.756 1.681 9.456 0.963 1999 7 13.245 3.205 0 0 13.038 2.997 10.563 2.104 1999 8 13.871 2.258 1 0 NaN NaN 10.884 0.852 1999 9 14.808 -0.011 0 0 14.593 -0.227 12.951 -0.286 1999 10 18.960 1.706 0 0 18.695 1.440 17.015 1.342 1999 11 22.076 2.025 0 0 21.807 1.756 21.067 2.598 1999 12 23.486 1.365 0 0 23.265 1.144 21.504 0.965 2000 1 21.704 -1.565 0 0 21.532 -1.736 19.780 -1.906 2000 2 22.854 0.184 0 0 22.722 0.053 21.586 0.498 2000 3 20.090 -0.507 0 0 19.995 -0.601 19.550 0.535 2000 4 15.679 -0.572 0 0 15.586 -0.665 13.983 -0.686 2000 5 11.101 -1.617 0 0 10.952 -1.767 10.119 -1.018 2000 6 10.768 0.694 0 0 10.561 0.487 9.382 0.889 2000 7 11.324 1.283 0 0 11.116 1.076 8.588 0.129 2000 8 13.143 1.529 0 0 12.954 1.341 11.648 1.616 2000 9 14.616 -0.203 0 0 14.400 -0.419 12.140 -1.098 2000 10 18.619 1.364 0 0 18.353 1.098 16.648 0.975 2000 11 19.344 -0.707 0 0 19.076 -0.976 18.063 -0.406 2000 12 22.351 0.230 0 0 22.130 0.009 21.517 0.978 2001 1 21.638 -1.630 0 0 21.466 -1.802 21.333 -0.354 2001 2 23.233 0.563 0 0 23.101 0.431 21.371 0.283 2001 3 22.389 1.792 0 0 22.294 1.698 21.350 2.335 2001 4 16.286 0.035 0 0 16.193 -0.058 14.635 -0.034 2001 5 14.663 1.944 0 0 14.513 1.794 12.238 1.102 2001 6 11.041 0.967 0 0 10.834 0.760 9.653 1.160 2001 7 10.198 0.157 0 0 9.990 -0.050 8.050 -0.409 2001 8 13.190 1.576 0 0 13.002 1.388 9.951 -0.081 2001 9 14.897 0.078 0 0 14.682 -0.137 12.415 -0.822 2001 10 20.357 3.102 0 0 20.091 2.837 17.882 2.210 2001 11 20.831 0.780 0 0 20.563 0.511 18.777 0.307 2001 12 22.286 0.165 0 0 22.065 -0.056 20.578 0.039 2002 1 23.231 -0.038 0 0 23.059 -0.209 21.297 -0.390 2002 2 22.567 -0.102 0 0 22.435 -0.234 21.377 0.289 2002 3 21.187 0.590 0 0 21.092 0.496 20.455 1.440 2002 4 19.594 3.342 0 0 19.501 3.249 17.137 2.468 2002 5 13.077 0.358 0 0 12.927 0.209 11.569 0.433 2002 6 10.489 0.414 1 0 NaN NaN 7.616 -0.877 2002 7 10.637 0.596 0 0 10.430 0.389 7.940 -0.519 2002 8 11.673 0.059 0 0 11.485 -0.129 10.478 0.446 2002 9 15.255 0.436 0 0 15.040 0.221 14.342 1.104 2002 10 20.242 2.988 0 0 19.976 2.722 18.030 2.358 2002 11 20.778 0.726 0 0 20.509 0.458 18.340 -0.129 2002 12 23.300 1.178 0 0 23.078 0.957 21.668 1.129 2003 1 25.340 2.072 0 0 25.168 1.900 23.290 1.603 2003 2 25.521 2.851 0 0 25.389 2.719 23.222 2.134 2003 3 20.843 0.247 1 0 NaN NaN 20.033 1.018 2003 4 19.026 2.774 0 0 18.932 2.681 16.994 2.324 2003 5 14.726 2.007 1 0 NaN NaN 11.522 0.385 2003 6 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.020 -0.472 2003 7 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.893 0.434 2003 8 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 8.615 -1.417 2003 9 20.830 6.011 1 0 NaN NaN 13.599 0.362 2003 10 19.239 1.985 1 0 NaN NaN 16.880 1.207 2003 11 21.531 1.480 1 0 NaN NaN 19.725 1.255 2003 12 22.496 0.375 1 0 NaN NaN 21.118 0.578 2004 1 24.227 0.959 1 0 NaN NaN 21.691 0.005 2004 2 22.728 0.059 0 0 22.597 -0.073 21.971 0.883 2004 3 19.532 -1.064 0 0 19.438 -1.159 19.088 0.073 2004 4 17.456 1.205 0 0 17.363 1.112 15.407 0.738 2004 5 15.427 2.708 0 0 15.277 2.558 13.463 2.326 2004 6 12.915 2.841 0 0 12.708 2.634 9.724 1.231 2004 7 9.327 -0.714 0 0 9.120 -0.921 7.369 -1.089 2004 8 14.102 2.488 1 0 NaN NaN 11.318 1.286 2004 9 14.148 -0.672 0 0 13.932 -0.887 12.753 -0.484 2004 10 18.665 1.410 0 0 18.399 1.144 16.498 0.826 2004 11 22.720 2.669 0 0 22.452 2.400 21.740 3.271 2004 12 23.345 1.224 0 0 23.124 1.003 22.151 1.612 2005 1 22.660 -0.608 0 0 22.489 -0.780 21.870 0.183 2005 2 22.835 0.166 0 0 22.704 0.034 22.052 0.964 2005 3 20.772 0.175 0 0 20.677 0.081 19.457 0.443 2005 4 16.492 0.241 0 0 16.399 0.148 14.745 0.075 2005 5 15.631 2.912 0 0 15.481 2.763 12.534 1.397 2005 6 11.843 1.768 0 0 11.636 1.561 8.928 0.435 2005 7 12.346 2.305 0 0 12.138 2.098 10.379 1.921 2005 8 12.157 0.543 0 0 11.969 0.355 10.349 0.317 2005 9 16.257 1.438 0 0 16.041 1.222 15.113 1.875 2005 10 19.088 1.833 0 0 18.822 1.568 16.921 1.248 2005 11 21.824 1.773 1 0 NaN NaN 19.090 0.620 2005 12 21.204 -0.917 0 0 20.982 -1.139 20.062 -0.478 2006 1 23.047 -0.222 0 0 22.875 -0.393 21.876 0.190 2006 2 24.148 1.479 0 0 24.016 1.347 21.635 0.547 2006 3 20.067 -0.530 0 0 19.972 -0.624 18.104 -0.911 2006 4 18.418 2.166 0 0 18.325 2.073 14.993 0.323 2006 5 12.072 -0.646 0 0 11.923 -0.796 9.245 -1.892 2006 6 11.600 1.525 0 0 11.393 1.318 8.858 0.365 2006 7 13.324 3.284 0 0 13.117 3.076 9.698 1.240 2006 8 12.544 0.931 0 0 12.356 0.742 9.279 -0.753 2006 9 15.728 0.909 0 0 15.513 0.693 14.024 0.787 2006 10 17.852 0.598 0 0 17.587 0.332 16.783 1.110 2006 11 20.156 0.105 0 0 19.888 -0.164 19.321 0.851 2006 12 20.733 -1.388 0 0 20.512 -1.610 20.664 0.125 2007 1 23.963 0.695 0 0 23.791 0.523 22.826 1.140 2007 2 23.483 0.813 0 0 23.351 0.682 22.264 1.177 2007 3 19.841 -0.755 0 0 19.747 -0.850 19.431 0.417 2007 4 17.693 1.442 0 0 17.600 1.349 16.066 1.397 2007 5 14.622 1.904 0 0 14.473 1.754 12.053 0.916 2007 6 11.732 1.657 0 0 11.525 1.450 8.496 0.004 2007 7 10.991 0.950 0 0 10.783 0.743 8.528 0.070 2007 8 13.726 2.112 0 0 13.538 1.924 10.660 0.628 2007 9 16.097 1.278 0 0 15.881 1.062 15.239 2.002 2007 10 17.306 0.051 0 0 17.040 -0.215 15.937 0.264 2007 11 19.152 -0.899 0 0 18.884 -1.168 17.992 -0.477 2007 12 21.651 -0.471 0 0 21.429 -0.692 20.578 0.039 2008 1 22.971 -0.297 0 0 22.799 -0.469 21.648 -0.039 2008 2 22.427 -0.243 0 0 22.295 -0.375 21.737 0.649 2008 3 19.978 -0.619 0 0 19.883 -0.713 19.273 0.259 2008 4 15.527 -0.725 0 0 15.434 -0.818 13.940 -0.730 2008 5 15.320 2.601 0 0 15.170 2.452 13.069 1.932 2008 6 11.739 1.665 0 0 11.532 1.458 9.128 0.635 2008 7 11.661 1.621 0 0 11.454 1.413 9.210 0.751 2008 8 11.600 -0.014 0 0 11.412 -0.202 10.239 0.207 2008 9 14.587 -0.232 0 0 14.372 -0.447 12.162 -1.076 2008 10 17.810 0.556 0 0 17.545 0.290 16.983 1.311 2008 11 20.115 0.064 0 0 19.846 -0.205 19.373 0.904 2008 12 22.923 0.802 0 0 22.702 0.581 22.158 1.619 2009 1 23.293 0.024 0 0 23.121 -0.148 22.489 0.803 2009 2 21.462 -1.207 0 0 21.330 -1.339 20.811 -0.277 2009 3 20.594 -0.003 0 0 20.499 -0.097 19.787 0.772 2009 4 18.404 2.152 0 0 18.311 2.059 16.553 1.883 2009 5 13.965 1.246 0 0 13.815 1.097 11.799 0.662 2009 6 11.939 1.865 0 0 11.732 1.658 8.933 0.440 2009 7 10.420 0.380 0 0 10.213 0.173 8.258 -0.200 2009 8 12.588 0.974 1 0 NaN NaN 11.033 1.001 2009 9 16.939 2.120 1 0 NaN NaN 13.789 0.552 2009 10 18.647 1.393 1 0 NaN NaN 16.582 0.909 2009 11 20.212 0.161 1 0 NaN NaN 18.319 -0.150 2009 12 21.265 -0.856 1 0 NaN NaN 21.179 0.640 2010 1 23.816 0.548 1 0 NaN NaN 21.848 0.162 2010 2 24.716 2.046 1 0 NaN NaN 22.060 0.973 2010 3 22.256 1.660 1 0 NaN NaN 21.079 2.064 2010 4 17.323 1.072 1 0 NaN NaN 15.705 1.036 2010 5 14.856 2.138 0 0 14.707 1.988 12.950 1.813 2010 6 11.137 1.062 0 0 10.930 0.855 8.519 0.026 2010 7 12.711 2.670 0 0 12.503 2.463 10.631 2.172 2010 8 14.510 2.896 0 0 14.321 2.708 11.604 1.572 2010 9 16.728 1.909 0 0 16.513 1.693 15.408 2.170 2010 10 17.400 0.145 0 4 18.377 1.122 16.241 0.568 2010 11 19.964 -0.088 0 0 20.951 0.900 19.568 1.099 2010 12 20.861 -1.260 0 0 21.675 -0.446 20.770 0.231 2011 1 23.020 -0.248 0 0 23.652 0.383 21.535 -0.152 2011 2 23.341 0.672 0 0 23.826 1.156 21.744 0.656 2011 3 21.274 0.677 0 0 21.621 1.025 20.665 1.650 2011 4 14.626 -1.626 0 0 14.968 -1.284 13.888 -0.782 2011 5 12.536 -0.183 0 0 13.085 0.367 11.774 0.637 2011 6 9.464 -0.610 0 0 10.225 0.151 8.021 -0.471 2011 7 6.315 -3.726 1 0 NaN NaN 7.649 -0.810 2011 8 11.627 0.013 0 0 12.319 0.705 10.226 0.194 2011 9 15.019 0.199 0 0 15.810 0.991 14.338 1.101 2011 10 17.419 0.164 0 0 18.396 1.141 16.155 0.482 2011 11 17.897 -2.155 0 0 18.884 -1.167 17.689 -0.781 2011 12 20.338 -1.783 0 0 21.152 -0.970 20.273 -0.266 2012 1 24.158 0.890 0 0 24.790 1.522 23.398 1.711 2012 2 21.120 -1.550 0 0 21.604 -1.065 21.257 0.169 2012 3 19.934 -0.662 0 0 20.281 -0.315 20.039 1.024 2012 4 14.460 -1.792 0 0 14.802 -1.449 13.712 -0.958 2012 5 12.946 0.228 0 0 13.496 0.777 11.918 0.781 2012 6 9.893 -0.181 0 0 10.654 0.580 8.366 -0.126 2012 7 9.122 -0.919 0 0 9.884 -0.156 7.813 -0.646 2012 8 11.959 0.345 0 0 12.651 1.037 10.071 0.039 2012 9 14.354 -0.465 0 0 15.146 0.327 12.732 -0.506 2012 10 14.762 -2.492 0 0 15.739 -1.515 14.937 -0.736 2012 11 19.706 -0.346 1 0 NaN NaN 19.708 1.239 2012 12 21.572 -0.549 0 0 22.386 0.265 20.784 0.245 2013 1 22.329 -0.939 0 0 22.961 -0.307 22.260 0.574 2013 2 22.331 -0.338 1 0 NaN NaN 21.946 0.858 2013 3 20.771 0.175 0 0 21.118 0.522 20.548 1.533 2013 4 14.959 -1.293 0 0 15.301 -0.950 14.301 -0.369 2013 5 14.129 1.410 0 0 14.678 1.960 12.395 1.258 2013 6 10.972 0.898 0 0 11.733 1.659 9.003 0.510 2013 7 10.288 0.247 0 0 11.050 1.010 9.791 1.332 2013 8 11.243 -0.371 0 0 11.934 0.320 9.503 -0.529 2013 9 13.854 -0.965 0 0 14.646 -0.173 12.137 -1.100 2013 10 17.635 0.380 0 0 18.612 1.357 16.471 0.798 2013 11 19.454 -0.597 1 0 NaN NaN NaN NaN